Pharmacology 2

What is adverse effects of tamoxifen as a treatment for breast cancer

hot flushes

What is tamoxifen used for

Breast cancer treatment and prophylaxis

Adverse effects of timolol ophthalmic drops

Bradycardia

What is timolol used for

anti-glaucoma drug to decrease formation of aqueous humor

Maximum therapeutic effect of timolol

2-4 weeks

Method used to decrease systemic absorption of timolol

perform punctual occlusion

Closed angle glaucoma

Acute glaucoma

Caused by stress, impact injury, or medications. Iris is pushed over due to pressure.

Closed angle glaucoma symptoms and treatment

Headaches, difficulty concentrating, bloodshot eyes, blurred vision

Requires surgery

Common items that can cause contact dermatitis

Type of allergic reaction

Perfume, latex, jewelry

OTC to treat acne

Benzoyl peroxide

OTC for ear was buildup

Optic preparations

Adverse effects of chemo therapy

Blood toxicity

GI toxicity

Hair loss, fatigue, fetal birth defects, infertility

Side effects of using prostaglandins

Increases brown pigment in the iris

Photophobia

Dry eyes

What do prostaglandins do

Increase outflow of aqueous humor in treatment of glaucoma

Method to administer ears drops to an adult patient

Pull ear back and upwards

Open angle glaucoma

Chronic simple glaucoma

Pressure buildup around optic nerve

Open angle glaucoma treatment

Reducing the amount of aqueous humor formed or unblocking its drainage

What is Tretinoin (Retin-A)

Topical prescription retinoid medication used to prevent clogging of pore follicles that are associated with acne

Patient teaching for Tretinoin (Retin-A)

Not recommended during pregnancy

Suicidal thoughts might occur

Sensitivity to sunlight

What is pediculosis

Infestation by lice

Capitis (head) corporis (body) pubis (pubic)

What do pediculicides do

Kill lice

Patient teaching to prevent lice reinfestation

Use pediculicides strictly as directly

Inspect hair shafts daily for 1 week after treatment

Comb infested area when hair has dried

Wash all materials in contact with patient

What is pilocarpine chloride

Cholinergic drug used to treat glaucoma

Side effects of pilocarpine

Blurred vision for up to 2 hours after using medication

Possible side effects of using cycloplegic drugs

Blurred vision, burning, irritation, sensitivity to light, heart arrhythmias

Proper method to administer ophthalmic ointment

Pull lower eyelid down and squeeze thin line of ointment into pocket

Medications used in ophthalmic examination

Dilation (atropine/tropicamide)

Local anesthesia (proparacaine/ tetracaine)

Diagnostic (fluorescein)

Topical treatment for psoriasis

Anthralin, coal tar, calciportiene, topical steroids

Treatment for psoriasis

Orals, biologics, topicals, phototherapy

What is psoriasis

Chronic inflammatory skin disorder where skin cells shed every 4 to 5 days

What is benzocaine

Local anesthetic

Uses for benzocaine topical

Typically for sunburns, pruritis, and insect bites

Age related changes in skin

fragile epidermis, wrinkles, reduced activity of oil and sweat glands, male pattern baldness, poor blood circulation, loss of elasticity

Scabicides

Pharmacological agents that kill mites

Treatment for scabies

Permethrin

Crotamiton

Ivermectin

Lindane

3 types of treatments for cancer

Cure

Control

Páliate

Layers of the skin

epidermis

Dermis

Hypodermis

How to treat ear infections

Neomycin, hydrocortisone

Glucocorticoids and antibiotics usually combined

What medications increase the outflow of aqueous humor in eye

Miotics - carbachol

Sympathomimetic - dipivefrin Havlicek

Prostaglandins- latanoprost

Why are combination therapy and special dosing schedules used to treat cancer

Rapid cell division occurs

Drugs affect in different ways and different times

High mutation rate

Changes in genetic makeup

Why does untreated glaucoma result in blindness

Damage to the retina and optic nerve without decrease in IOP