Industiral Rev

**Causes for industrialization growth in Britain**

Coal at a shallow depth (cheap)

Steam engine, water frame, Spinning Jenny

Trade routes (import/export)

Banking (loans)

Loose class structure

**Why did Britain experience population growth?**

New world foods

Higher birth rate

Farming improvements

Better immunity

**How did the Enclosure Movement help industrialization?**

Brits moved to cities (workers for factories)

**What caused Britain to innovate the cotton industry?**

Tariffs that the government made when pressured by the wool industry

**How did Britain innovate the cotton industry?**

Spinning Jenny

Water Frame

**What caused Britain to innovate the China industry?**

High cost of “China” / Brits drank large amounts of tea / porcelain did not spoil the flavor

**How did Britain innovate the China industry?**

Kiln thermometer

**Why was iron expensive?**

Wood was burned to make the heat (for iron production)

**How did Britain innovate iron?**

Using coal to make heat made the process cheaper

**Coal as a power solution for Britain’s factories.**

Britain was lucky that they not only had large amounts of coal, but it was easy to get to, a relatively shallow depth  (similar to Saudi oil)

**How did James Watt aid coal mining?  How did this become bigger than coal mining?**

His steam engine was used to pump the water out of coal mines

**What type of business environment helped industrialization?**

Capitalist (free market)  It allowed innovators to innovate without interference

**How did British trade help industrialization?**

1. \n  It created wealth for Britain which it used to build factories

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2. Those trade networks served factories as they were able to import raw materials (such as cotton from India) as well as exporting things that were mass produced in their factories

**How did Britain’s looser class structure help industrialization?**

It allowed people of lower classes to innovate and advance British industry/business

**How did British banking help industrialization?**

Provided loans for factories

**When did Britain highly develop trade routes?  How did this help industrialization?**

Maritime Revolution. Those trade networks served factories as they were able to import raw materials.

**How else did this era (from the previous question) help Britain with industrialization?**

**Industrialization is expensive.  Trade during the Maritme Revolution generated wealth that could be used to industrialize (like building factories)**

**Why is it significant that Britain was the 1st to industrialize?**

They had more gold than all wealthy nations combined.  This made them an economic super power as the pound became a global currency.  They also built a world class navy that they used to conquer & create the British Empire (India, part of China, East Africa, Australia)

**Why does industrialization do to imperialism?  Why?**

It accelerates it.  Factories needed raw materials and new markets to sell to