Malaria Lecture Notes Review

Flashcards for Malaria Lecture Review

What is Malaria?

A potentially life-threatening parasitic disease.

How is Malaria transmitted to humans?

Through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes.

In what regions is Malaria most prevalent?

Tropical and sub-tropical regions.

What type of parasite causes Malaria?

Plasmodium, a single-celled parasite.

What cells does Plasmodium infect in the human body?

Red Blood Cells (RBCs).

Name a common symptom of Malaria.

Fever/chills.

Name another symptom of Malaria that's like the flu.

Flu-like symptoms.

Name another symptom of Malaria, in addition to fever/chills and flu-like symptoms.

Nausea/vomiting.

Name another symptom of Malaria, in addition to fever/chills, flu-like symptoms, and nausea/vomiting.

Diarrhea.

What are some late-stage symptoms of Malaria?

Anemia, organ failure, coma.

How can Malaria be diagnosed?

Microscopic examination of blood.

What is RDT?

Rapid Diagnostic Test for Malaria.

What type of genetic material is examined in PCR testing for Malaria?

DNA and RNA.

What is the general treatment for Malaria?

Antimalaria medications.

Give an example of antimalaria medication.

Chloroquine.

Give another example of antimalaria medication.

Doxycycline.

Give another example of antimalaria medication.

Atovaquone.

Give another example of antimalaria medication.

Quinine.

What is important for treating Malaria to prevent complications?

Prompt diagnosis and treatment.

What is the most effective way to prevent Malaria?

Avoiding mosquito bites.

Name a type of insect repellent.

DEET.

Name another type of insect repellent.

Lemon Eucalyptus.

What type of clothing can prevent Malaria?

Protective clothing (long sleeves, pants).

What household item can help prevent malaria?

Bed netting.

What kind of advice can help prevent malaria while traveling?

Travel health advice.

What is infected by the infected mosquito?

Human

What is the form of the parasite that develops?

Sporozoites

What does Ookinete differentiate into?

Oocyst

What do gametocytes transform into?

Sporozoites

What is bitten by the mosquito?

Infected person

What gets infected after the mosquito bite?

Liver

What gets infected after the liver?

Blood

What remains a significan global health treat?

Malaria

What has a high mortality rate?

Malaria

Malaria is the leading cause of death in some parts of the world especially in who?

Children

What kind of disease is malaria?

Preventable

Where can female anopheles mosquitos be found that transmit malaria?

Tropical and sub-tropical regions

What makes a disease life threatening?

Parasites

How many cells does plasmodium contain that infects the RBCs?

Single

Organ failure is a late stage symptom of malaria, what is another?

Anemia

What can rapid diagnostic tests find about Malaria?

Microscopic Examination of blood

What does PCR Testing look for when testing for Malaria?

Genetic materials-DNA, RNA

What is the name of a medication that treats Malaria?

Chloroquine

What is another medication that treats Malaria?

Doxycycline

What is another medication for treating malaria?

Atovaqone

What is another medication for treating malaria?

Quinine

To prevent complications make sure to have prompt diagnosis and what?

Treatment

What is the most effective way to prevent Malaria?

Avoid mosquitos

When avoiding mosquitos what should you apply to your skin?

Insect repellant

What kind of clothing should you wear to prevent attracting mosquitos?

Protective clothing (long sleeves, pants)

When sleeping what should you use to prevent mosquitos from biting you?

Bed netting

Do you need health advice when traveling to prevent Malaria?

Yes

Malaria infection starts when a mosquito injects ___ into the human host.

Sporozoites

The most effective method in Malaria prevention is to?

Avoid mosquito bites

Besides fever & chills, name a common early malaria symptom?

Nausea and vomiting

What type of mosquito transmits malaria?

Female Anopheles mosquitoes

What is the geographical distribution of Malaria?

Tropical and Sub-tropical regions

The microscopic examination of _ is crucial for malaria diagnosis.

Blood

Antimalarial drugs like ___ are used to treat malaria.

Chloroquine

What is the significance of preventing malaria?

Reduces global health threat and mortality

True or False: Malaria is a viral disease.

False, Malaria is a parasitic disease

What is the lifecycle of Malaria?

Involves stages in both mosquito and human hosts