Physical Science - Chapter 18.3 Notes

This is a set for electricity from magnetism.

Joseph Henry and Michael Faraday

The scientists who discovered that a magnetic field can induce an electrical current.

Electromagnetic Induction

The process of creating an electrical current by changing a magnetic field.

Faraday's Law of Induction

The principle that current is only induced when a magnetic field is in motion or changing; static fields produce no current.

Factors Increasing Induced Current

The magnitude of current increases by moving the magnet faster or increasing the number of coils in the wire.

Generator

A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction.

Generator Mechanism

A mechanical source rotates a wire coil within a stationary magnetic field to induce current.

Slip Rings

Components in a generator that transfer induced current from the rotating coil to a stationary external circuit.

Transformer

A device used to increase or decrease the voltage of an alternating current (AC).

Step-Up Transformer

A transformer with more windings on the secondary coil than the primary; used to increase voltage.

Step-Down Transformer

A transformer with fewer windings on the secondary coil than the primary; used to decrease voltage.

Primary Coil

The transformer component that receives the initial AC and creates a changing magnetic field in the iron core.

Secondary Coil

The transformer component where a new current is induced by the changing magnetic field of the core.

Transformer Core

The iron component that becomes an electromagnet and transfers magnetic flux between the primary and secondary coils.

Standard Household Voltage

The typical voltage for residential outlets which is 120V.

Power Plant Output

The initial high voltage produced for transmission typically ranging from 20000V to 22000V.