SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Open Dumping

Brought about a variety of health, ecological and aesthetic problems

Burning

Gases are produced that can pollute air, gases that contribute to global warming and can destroy the ozone layer

Solid Waste

Non-liquid waste material arising from domestic, trade, commercial, industrial and mining activities.

Solid Waste

This arises from the conduct of public services such as street sweepings, landscape maintenance and the clearing of typhoon-wrought debris.

”non-liquid”

This term is relative because it includes sludge coming from industrial sources and sewage treatment plants.

Solid Waste Management

All activities pertaining to control, transfer and transport, processing and disposal of solid wastes in accordance with the best principles of public health, economics, engineering, conservation, aesthetics and other environmental considerations.

Human Pathogens

[Public Health Aspects of SWM-Solid wastes may contain?]

• Diapers

• Handkerchiefs

  • Contaminated food and surgical dressings

Animal Pathogens

[Public Health Aspects of SWM-Solid wastes may contain?]

• Wastes from pets

Soil Pathogens

[Public Health Aspects of SWM-Solid wastes may contain?]

• Garden wastes

Bacteria

• Diarrhea

• Cholera

  • Typhoid Fever

Campylobacterfetus

Diarrhea

Vibrio comma

Cholera

Salmonella typhi

Typhoid fever

Virus

Hepa-A, Hepatitis-B, Polio virus

Protozoa

• Amoebic dysentery

  • Giardiasis

Entameoba histolytica

Amoebic dysentery

Giargia lamblia

Giardiasis

Helminths

Flat worms, round worms, tape worms

Inhalation

[Routes of Pathogenic transfer]

Air-aerosol-inhalation

Percutaneous

[Routes of Pathogenic transfer]

Skin-percutaneous

Ingestion

[Routes of Pathogenic transfer]

Hands-mouth-food-ingestion

Passive vector - food - injection

This can be negated by good hygiene and dietary habits

Municipal Wastes

Residential, commercial solid wastes

Industrial Wastes

Waste arising from industrial activities and typically include rubbish, ashes, demolition and construction wastes, and special wastes

Hazardous wastes

Wastes that pose a substantial danger immediately or over a period of time to human, plant or animals.

Ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, toxicity

Hazardous wastes exhibit this (TRIC)

Chemicals

Includes wastes that are corrosive, reactive or toxic

Biological wastes

Principal sources are hospitals and biological research facilities

Garbage (food wastes)

[Classification of Municipal Solid Wastes]

meat, fruit or vegetable residues resulting from handling, preparation, cooking and eating of food. These are putrescible and will decompose rapidly especially in warm weather

Rubbish

[Classification of Municipal Solid Wastes]

Combustible and non-combustible solid wastes, excluding food wastes.

Typically combustible includes paper, cardboard, plastics, rubber, leather, wood, furniture and garden trimmings. Non combustible rubbish consists of glass, tin cans, aluminum cans, ferrous & non-ferrous metals, dirt and construction wastes

Ashes and residues

[Classification of Municipal Solid Wastes]

Materials remaining from burning of wood, coal, coke and. Other combustible wastes

Normally composed of fine, powdery materials, cinders, clinkers and small amount of burned and partially burned materials

Demolition and Construction wastes

[Classification of Municipal Solid Wastes]

Construction, remodeling, and repairing of residential, commercial and industrial buildings

Dirt, stones, concrete, bricks, plaster, lumber, shingles, and plumbing, heating and electrical parts

Special Wastes

[Classification of Municipal Solid Wastes]

Street sweepings, roadside littter, catch-basin debris, dead animals, abandoned vehicles

Treatment Plant Wastes

[Classification of Municipal Solid Wastes]

Solid and semi-solid wastes from water, wastewater, and industrial waste treatment facilities

Trash

Larger. Items such as refrigerators, tree limbs, mattresses and other bulky items not collected in household refuse

[Classification of Municipal Solid Wastes]

Residential

[Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes]

Wastes generated at the household level, I.e. food wastes, rubbish, ashes, and special wastes from family dwellings, apartments

CommerciaL

[Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes]

Food wastes, rubbish, ashes, demolition and construction wastes from stores, restaurants, markets, office building, hotels, motels, print shops, auto repair shops, medical facilities andd institutions

Open Areas

[Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes]

Special wastes, rubbish from streets, alleys, parks, vacant lots, playground, beaches, highways, recreational centers, etc.

Treatment plant sites

[Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes]

4th

Moisture content

[Important properties of Municipal Solid Waste]

Represented by (w-d/w)x100%, w is the initial weight of the sample as delivered, and d is the weight of the sample after drying at 105 degrees Celsius

Field Capacity

the total amount of moisture that a sample of that waste will hold freely against the downward pull of gravity.

- great significance in determining the formation of leachate in landfills; the water in excess of the field capacity will drain away as a leachate

• critically important in determining the formation of leachate in landfill

Chemical Composition

[Important properties of Municipal Solid Waste]

2nd

Proximate Analysis