Bio 150 DCCC - Lab Practical 1

Glass waste container

sharp object waste container

specimen waste container

chemical waste container

Beakers

Graduated
cylinders

test tubes and test tube rack

Test Tube & Holder
in Action

Disposable pipette

Chemical reagent and
attached dropper
in action

ruler

Balance

thermometer

blunt point dissecting probe

sharp point dissecting probe

blunt/sharp dressing scissors

dissecting forceps

Scalpel Handle

disposable scalpel blade

i) to protect yourself and others from harmful chemicals (do not contaminate your work area)
ii) to prevent contamination of the chemicals

There are two reasons to wear gloves:

-Emergency phone number
-Emergency kit
-Eyewash-Safety shower
-Fire extinguisher
-Fire alarms
-Evacuation route

Lab Safety Resources

-Name of the chemical
-Supplier contact info
-Spill cleanup info
-Hazard info

MSDS (MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS)
-Each MSDS includes:

-gloves
-goggles
-aprons

Preserved specimens require:

to understand how the natural world works.

what's the purpose of the Scientific Method?

1. Observation.
2.Gather Information.
3.Propose a Hypothesis.
4.Test the Hypothesis.
5.Present and Analyze Results.
6.Conclusion.

Six steps of the scientific method

1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4.Discussion
5. Conclusion

Sections of a Scientific Lab Report

Gram (g)

Mass is measured in

Liter (L)

Volume is measured in

Meter (m)

Linear measurement measures in

Seconds (s)

time measures in

1,000,000,000 G

Giga

1,000,000 M

Mega

1,000 k

Kilo

100 h

Hecto

10 dk or da

Deca

Gram (g)
Meter (m)
Liter (L)
Second (s)

base units

0.1 d

deci

0.01 c

Centi

0.001 m

mili

0.000,001 μ

micro

a. All non-zero numbers are significant. Example: 145 has 3 significant figures
b. All zeros between non-zero numbers are significant. Example: 1001 has 4 significant figures
c. All zeros to right of the decimal point AND at the end of the number are significant. Example: 0.1100 has 4 significant figures
d. All zeros before a non-zero digit are NOT significant -they are placeholders only. Example: 0.00034 has 2 significant figures
e. Zeros after a non-zero number with no decimal point are NOT significant. Example: 5000 has 1 significant figure
f. Exact numbers have an unlimited number of significant digits. Exact numbers are counted numbers or ones that are created by definition. They have no uncertainty. Examples: 10 heart beats, 12 inches in a foot

significant figures rules

round off the answer to the same number of decimal places as the lowest in the calculation.

Example: 4.3 + 2.456 = 6.8 (you must round the answer off to 1 decimal place)

addition and subtraction sig figs

round off the answer to the lowest number of significant digits in the calculation.

Example: 4.3 x 2.456 = 11 (you must round off answer to 2 significant figures)

Multiplication and Division sig figs

5

How many sig figs in 10045

2

How many sig figs in 0.0010

1

How many sig figs in 1000

110

Round the following numbers to 2 significant digits. 113

0.46

round the following numbers to 2 significant digits. 0.457

0.0032

round the following numbers to 2 significant digits. 0.003246

3.4

Perform the calculation and use the rounding rules to use the correct number of significant figures. 1.4 + 2.005

302.1

Perform the calculation and use the rounding rules to use the correct number of significant figures 3.006 x 100.5

4

Perform the calculation and use the rounding rules to use the correct number of significant figures. 5.67-2

Anatomical Position

a. Standing upright in front of the observer
b. Head level with eyes forward
c. Legs straight, feet flat, pointed forward
d. Arms at sides, straight, palms facing forward, thumbs to the side
e. Right and left refers to subject, not observer

superior / cranial

above or toward the head

inferior (caudal)

Below or away from the head

anterior / ventral

closer to the front of the body

posterior / dorsal

loser to the back of the body

midline

an imaginary line down the center of the body dividing it into matching halves

medial

closer to midline of the body

lateral

farther from the midline of the body

Proximal

closer to the point of attachment

distal

farther from the point of attachment

superficial

toward the surface of the body

deep

toward the interior of the body

Ipsilateral

on the same side of the body

Contralateral

on opposite sides of the body

visceral

pertaining to organs (viscera)

Parietal

pertaining to cavity linings

afferent

to carry toward
_______ neurons carry impulses 'toward' the CNS

efferent

to carry away
_______ neurons carry impulses ' away from' the CNS

midsagittal plane

parasagittal plane

Frontal (coronal) plane

Transverse plane

Oblique plane

a. Cranial Cavity
b. Vertebral Cavity

Dorsal Body Cavity

a. Thoracic Cavity
i. Pleural Cavity
ii. Pericardial Cavity:
b. Abdominopelvic Cavity
i. Abdominal Cavity
ii. Pelvic Cavity

Ventral Body Cavity

diaphragm

Which structure separates the ventral body cavity into a superior and inferior portion?

LUQ

The majority of the stomach - quadrant

RLQ and LLQ

The uterus(two answers) - quadrant

RUQ

The majority of the liver - quadrant

left hypochondriac region

spleen - region

right inguinal or iliac region

right hip - region

umbilical region

The center region named for the 'belly button'

epigastric region

upper right portion of the liver

Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)

left upper quadrant (LUQ)

right lower quadrant (RLQ)

left lower quadrant (LLQ)

umbilical region

right lumbar (flank) region

left lumbar (flank) region

epigastric region

right hypochondriac region

left hypochondriac region

hypogastric (pubic) region

right iliac (inguinal) region

left iliac (inguinal) region

acid

a substance that produces hydrogen ions in a solution; a proton donor

base

a substance that increases the hydroxide (OH)ions in a solution; proton acceptor (check this)