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Petrarch

The father of Italian Renaissance humanism (early Italian renaissance)
- BRIDGE BETWEEN THE MIDDLE AGES AND RENAISSANCE
- Copied ancient Greek and Roman texts, and wrote in the vernacular

Civic Humanism

The belief that individuals owe a service to their community and its government. During the Renaissance, political theorists argued that selfless service to the polity was of critical importance in a self-governing republic.

Michelangelo

(1475-1564) An Italian sculptor, painter, poet, engineer, and architect. Famous works include the mural on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, and the sculpture of the biblical character David.
- The David represents the ultimate Renaissance man

Raphael Sanzio

Italian Renaissance artist who painted the Madonna and Child and the School of Athens.

Leonardo da Vinci

A well known Italian Renaissance artist, architect, musician, mathematician, engineer, and scientist. Known for the Mona Lisa.
- Not only did he dedicate his life to creating art- he also studied scientifics, engineering, and inventing- making him a true Renaissance man. He devoted himself to all aspects of life, not just one

William Shakespeare

(1564 - 1616) English poet and playwright considered one of the greatest writers of the English language; works include Julius Caesar, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, and Hamlet.
- Drew on the classics for plot and inspiration
- Elizabethan Age

Machiavelli

Wrote The Prince, political scientist and writer
- Non religious writing
- Believed that as a leader, people should fear you not love you in order to avoid revolt

Medici Family

Ruled Florence during the Renaissance, became wealthy from banking, spent a lot of money on art, controlled Florence for about 3 centuries
- Wealthy patrons

Brughel

Painted scenes of everyday peasant life (Northern Renaissance)

Dürer

Painter who fled Italy to northern Europe due to invasion, and brought with him the styles and techniques of the Italian Renaissance.
- Most famous person to do this
- Produced woodcuts and engravings
- Popularity of his work helped spread Renaissance ideas
- Proof of mass self portraits

Erasmus

- Best known Christian humanist
- Wrote The Praise of Folly which pokes fun at the foolishness of mankind
- Believed in Christianity at the heart, not the rules and books, and thought that everyone should study Bible