Language Arts 10

Diegetic

Sounds that come from a source on-screen or are implied to be on-screen.

Non-diegetic

Sounds that come from an unknown source.

Parallel sounds

Sounds that match the mood of what is happening.

Contrapuntal

Sounds that do not match the mood.

Mise-en-scene

All of the things that are on screen, including lighting, setting, props, costumes, and makeup.

Proxemics

The distance of the camera away from the subject.

Long shot

An object is shot from far away, and the background dominates the screen.

Extreme long shot

Where an entire city can be seen, usually used to show the setting.

Close-up

Used to build connection and empathy with the character, where the person fills most of the screen.

Extreme close-up

Can only see a small detail, like an eyeball.

Over-the-shoulder shot/ third person

Shot taken from over someone's shoulder, the person's shoulder does not have to be in the shot, but it usually is.

Medium shot

Shows a person from the waist up or equivalent.

High angle

Camera looks down on the subject, allowing you to see the subject and their features.

Low angle

Looking up at the subject, usually used to make the subject look powerful.

Bird's-eye view

Shot directly from above.

Flat angle

The camera is at eye level.

Canted angle

Everything seems unbalanced, making you feel uneasy.

Wide angle

Allows you to see all aspects of the scene.

Connotation

The feeling people get from a word.

Denotation

The literal meaning of a word.

Theme

The main idea or lesson of the text.

Main idea

The point or message.

Tone

How the author is speaking and the tone of their voice.

Mood

How the text makes you feel.

Direct characterization

When the author tells you directly about the character.

Indirect characterization

When the author implies things about the character.

Conflict

The thing that gets in the way of the protagonist achieving their goal.

Dialogue

People talking.

Antagonist

The bad guy.

Protagonist

The good guy.

Flat character

A one-sided, underdeveloped character.

Round character

A complex, well-developed character.

Stock character

A stereotypical character.

Dynamic character

A character who goes through a change.

Static character

A character who does not change.

Foil

A character who is the exact opposite of another character.

Parallel character

A character who is very similar to another character.

Point of view

The perspective from which the story is told.

First-person

The narrator is part of the story (uses "I," "me," "my").

Second-person

The narrator addresses the reader directly (uses "you").

Third omniscient

The narrator is all-knowing.

Third limited

The narrator can only see the thoughts and feelings of one character.

Third objective

The narrator cannot see anyone's thoughts.

Exposition

Establishes character, setting, initial action, and creates a mood.

Initial incident

The action that starts the plot and the conflict.

Rising action

The conflict and events leading to the climax.

Climax

The point in the story where there is the most action.

Catharsis

The release of tension after the climax.

Falling action

The resolution of the plot after the big event.

Denouement

The wrap-up of the story.

Compound sentence

Uses a fanboy to connect two simple sentences.

Complex sentence

One simple sentence connected to a dependent clause using words like after, although, as, because, before, etc.

Simple sentence

One complete subject and complete predicate.

Clause

A group of words that contain a subject and a predicate.

Subordinate clause

The information after the verb that makes it make sense.

Stanza

The little paragraph things usually in poetry.

Synonyms

Words that mean the same thing.

Antonyms

Words that are opposite.

Simile

A comparison using "like" or "as."

Metaphor

Directly comparing things using "is" or "are."

Personification

Giving a non-human thing human traits.

Hyperbole

An extreme exaggeration.

Synecdoche

Part is used to represent the whole, like saying "nice wheels" to refer to a car.

Onomatopoia

sound words BAM

Euphenism

a nicer way of saying something that is unpleasent

alliteration

the repetition of the first letter

assonance

repetition of vowel sounds

pun

a joke where they use two words that sound the same but mean different things

oxymoron

when two words are beside eachother and are opposites

allusion

a reference to somehing famous

idiom

a saying that makes no sense people have just accpeted it “its raining cats and dogs”

irony

a contradiction from what is expected

verbal irony

when someone says something but means the opposite

situational irony

when something happens that is the exact opposite of what you would expect

dramatic irony

when the audience knows something that the character does not