Language Arts 10


Film elements 

Diegetic- sounds that come from a source on-screen or are implied to be on-screen

Non-diegetic- sounds that come from an unknown source 

Parallel sounds- match the mood of what is happening

Contrapuntal- do not match the mood

Mise-en-scene- all of the things that are on screen French for “putting on stage” including lighting setting props costumes makeup 

Proxemics- the distance of the camera away from the subject

Long shot- an object is shot from far away and the background will dominate the screen 

Extreme long shot- where an entire city can be seen usually used to show the setting 

Close is used to build connection and empathy with the character the person fills most of the screen 

Extreme close-ups- can only see like an eyeball or something 

Over-the-shoulder shot/ third person- shot taker from over someone's shoulder the person's shoulder does not have to be in the shot but it usually is

Medium shot- you get a person from the waist up or equivalent 

Angles- (different from proxemics) the camera angle of view 

High angle- camera looks down on the subject you can see the subject and their features 

Low angle- looking up at the subject is usually used to make the subject look powerful 

Bird eye- different from a high angle because it is directly above 

Flat angle- the camera is at eye level 

Canted angle- everything seems unbalanced makes you feel uneasy 

Wide angle- you can see all aspects of the scene

 

Literary elements 

Connotation- the feeling people get from a word 

denotation - the literal meaning of a word

Theme- the main idea/ lesson of the text 

Main idea- the point or message 

Tone- how the author is speaking and the tone of their voice

Mood- how the text makes you feel 

Direct characterization-they tell you directly about the character “shes pretty 

Indirect characterization- they imply things about the character “All the boys liked her

Conflict- the thing that gets in the way of the protagonist achieving their goal

Dialogue- people talking 



Character types 

Antagonist- bad guy

Protagonist- good guy

Flat- oen sided underdeveloped character 

Round- complex well developed 

Stock- stereotypical character 

Dynamic- goes through a change

Static- does not change

Foil- a character who is the exact opposite of another character

Parallel- a character who is very similar to another character

Point of view- 

First-person- I me My. The narrator is part of the story

Second- you

Third omniscient- the narrator is all-knowing 

Third limited- the narrator can only see the thoughts and feelings of one character \

Third objective- cannot see anyone's thoughts


Plot diagram

Exposition- establishes character setting initial action and creates a mood

Initial incident- action that starts the plot and the conflict 

Rising action- the conflict and events leading to the climax

Climax- the point in the story where there is the most action

Catharsis- release of tension after the climax

Falling action- resolution of the plot after the big event

Denouement- the wrap-up of the story 



Sentence structure 

Compound- uses a fanboy to connect two simple sentences

Complex- one simple sentence connected to a dependent clause connected using after although as because before etc 

Simple sentence- one complete subject and complete predicate 

Clause- a group of words that contain a subject and a predicate 

Subordinate clause-the info after the verd that makes it make sense 

Stanza- the little paragraph things usually in poetry 


Figures of speech 

Synonyms- words that mean the same thing 

Antonyms- words that are opposite 

Simile- a comparison using LIKE OR AS

Metaphor- directly comparing things using IS OR ARE

Personification- giving a non-human thing human traits 

Hyperbole- and extreme exaggeration

Synecdoche- part is used to represent the whole “nice wheels” 

Onomatopoeia- sound words BAM 

Euphemism- a softer more inoffensive way to say something unpleasant 

Alliteration- repetition of the FIRST LETTER 

Assonance- repetition of vowel sounds

pun - play on words when two words sound the same but mean two different things 

Oxymoron- when two things that contradict each other are put beside each other

Allusion- a reference to something famous

Idiom- a saying that makes no sense if taken literally “It cost an arm and a leg”

Irony- a contradiction between what is and what is expected

Dramatic irony- when the audience knows something that the people in the text do not 

Situational irony- something goes against what you would expect to happen 

Verbal irony- when someone says something but actually means the opposite