Untitled Flashcards Set

Norms

A society’s understood rules for accepted and expected behavior.

Conformity

Adjusting our behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.

Normative social influence

Influence resulting from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval.

Informational social influence

Influence resulting from a person’s willingness to accept others’ opinions about reality.

Obedience

Complying with an order or a command.

Social facilitation

Improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others.

Social loafing

The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling efforts towards a common goal.

Deindividuation

The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations fostering arousal and anonymity.

Group polarization

The enhancement of a group’s prevailing inclinations through discussion.

Groupthink

The mode of thinking where the desire for harmony in a group overrides realistic appraisal of alternatives.

Culture

Enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group.

Tight culture

A culture with clearly defined and reliably imposed norms.

Loose culture

A culture with flexible and informal norms.

Aggression

Any physical or verbal behavior intended to harm someone.

Frustration-aggression principle

Principle stating that frustration creates anger which can generate aggression.

Social script

A culturally modeled guide for how to act in various situations.

Mere exposure effect

The tendency for repeated exposure to increase liking of stimuli.

Passionate love

An aroused state of intense positive absorption in another.

Companionate love

Deep affectionate attachment for those with whom our lives are intertwined.

Equity

A condition where people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give.

Altruism

Unselfish regard for the welfare of others.

Bystander effect

The tendency for a bystander to be less likely to give aid if others are present.

Social exchange theory

Theory that social behavior is an exchange process aiming to maximize benefits.

Reciprocity norm

An expectation that people will help those who have helped them.

Social-responsibility norm

An expectation that people will help those needing their help.

Conflict

A perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas.

Social trap

A situation where two parties, pursuing self-interest, get caught in mutually destructive behavior.

Mirror-image perceptions

Mutual views often held by conflicting parties, seeing oneself as ethical and the other as evil.

Self-fulfilling prophecy

A belief that leads to its own fulfillment.

Superordinate goals

Shared goals that override differences among people and require cooperation.

GRIT

A strategy designed to decrease international tensions.