FunChem L2 Electronic configurations of atoms and ions of physiological importance

How did thomson discover the electron

Using cathode ray tubes

What did Thomson discover

Electron

Early atomic structure proposed by Thomson

Plum pudding model
Atom must contain the same no. of positive and negative charges
Electrons embedded in a uniform positively charged sphere

Rutherford

Proposed that the atoms positive charges are all concentrated in the nucleas, a dense core within an atom
Positively charged particles = proton

Bohr

Electrons move in circular orbits around the nucleas
Orbits have specific energy levels

Einsteins

Demostrated that light although a wave could also have particle properties

De Broglie

Wave particle Duality

Heisenbergs uncertainty principle

It is impossible to know simultaneously both the momentum and position of a particle with certainty

Scrodingers Wave eqn

Developed mathamatical functions which are solved by shrodingers eqn which refer to the probabilty of finding an electron within a particular position within an atom

Atomic orbital

Region in space within an atom and around the nucleas where the probability of finding an electron is relatvely high

Cation

Ion with a net positive charge

Anion

Ion with a net negative charge

Pauli exclusion principle

No more than 2 electrons can occupy an orbital and they must have opposite spin

Aufbau principle

Electrons fill the lowest available energy level first

Hunds rule

With orbitals of equal energy electrons fill the orbitals singly before filling in pairs