Chapter 4 - English Colonization

Cape Cod

1620- Founded in ________, Massachusetts by Separatists.

Harvard University

1636- ________ is founded to educate ministers.

Virginia

1619- 1st representative assembly established in ________ to protect property + rights.

Great Migration

________- Puritans coming to America fleeing religious persecution.

English colonists

________ have equal rights to Englishmen to England.

Elizabeth I

During her reign: Established Protestantism in England; defeated the Spanish Armada in 1588; maintained peace inside her previously divided country; and created an environment where the arts flourished.

Francis Drake

An English explorer, sea captain, privateer, naval officer, and politician

Sir Walter Raleigh

An English statesman, soldier, writer, explorer, and a favorite courtier of the English Queen Elizabeth I

Primogeniture

The right of succession belonging to the firstborn child, especially the feudal rule by which the whole real estate of an intestate passed to the eldest son

Joint-Stock Companies

A business owned by its investors, with each investor owning a share based on the amount of stock purchased

Spanish Armada

A Spanish fleet of 130 ships that sailed from Lisbon in late May 1588 under the command of the Duke of Medina Sidonia, with the purpose of escorting an army from Flanders to invade England

Virginia

1st permanent English settlement, with one of the longest continuous histories among the American states, dating from the settlement of Jamestown in the early 17th century

Lord De la Warr

The first governor of Virginia appointed by the Virginia Company of London

House of Burgesses

Representative assembly in colonial Virginia, which was an outgrowth of the first elective governing body in a British overseas possession, the General Assembly of Virginia

Indentured Servitude

A contract between two individuals, in which one person worked not for money but to repay an indenture, or loan, within a set time period

Chattel Slavery

Allowed people — considered legal property — to be bought, sold and owned forever

Plymouth Colony

An English colonial venture in America from 1620 to 1691 at a location that had previously been surveyed and named by Captain John Smith

Mayflower Compact

Originally titled Agreement Between the Settlers of New Plymouth, was the first governing document of Plymouth Colony

Massachusetts Bay Colony

The first English chartered colony whose board of governors did not reside in England

Anne Hutchinson

A spiritual leader in colonial Massachusetts who challenged male authority—and, indirectly, acceptable gender roles—by preaching to both women and men and by questioning Puritan teachings about salvation

Roger Williams

An English-born American Puritan minister, theologian, and author who founded Providence Plantations, which became the Colony of Rhode Island

Maryland

Founded by Lord Baltimore as a refuge for Roman Catholics

John Locke

An English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "Father of Liberalism"

William Penn

An English writer and religious thinker belonging to the Religious Society of Friends, and founder of the Province of Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania

Founded by William Penn as a haven for his fellow Quakers