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Correlation Definition
Researcher(s) investigate the relationship between two variables without manipulation and examine the relationship’s strength and direction.
Correlation Evaluation
+ Less Control —> Higher Ecological Validity
+ Clear Relationship
+ Allows Predictions
+ Used for unethical situations or where it’s impractical to manipulate variables.
- Third Variable Problem
- Can’t Draw Cause-and-Effect Relationship
- Bidirectional Ambiguity
Third Variable Problem
An outside variable that influences both variables measured in the correlation to change.
Bidirectional Ambiguity
Not certain if it was y that caused x to change, or vice-versa.
Positive Correlation
As x increases, y increases.
Negative Correlation
As one variable increases, the other decreases.
Note 
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