aural rehab final

5 factors affecting language and speech acquisition

first years of life as a critical period

early identification and intervention

full time and consistent use of hearing tech

family engagement and commitment

early identified w/ lower cognitive have same lang levels as late identified w/ high cognitive skills

3 language components influenced by hearing loss

form, content, and use

common characteristics of language forms in HL

shorter sentences

overuse of certain sentence patterns

infrequent use of adverbs, auxiliaries, and conjunctions

decreased use of grammatical morphemes

common characteristics of language content in HL

reduced expressive and receptive vocab and ability to produce category labels

common characteristics of language use in HL

delayed pragmatic skills (requesting, answering, calling attention to an event or action, directing, acknowledging, attempting to get information)

measuring influence of HL on reading and writing

phonological awareness

major differences in HL and TD in speech development

delayed reduplicated babbling

fewer consonant like sounds

more restricted tongue positions for vowels

speech characteristics in severe to profound HL

difficulties in resonance (hypo/hypernasality)

characteristics in postlingual HL

can maintain normal speech development with EI and hearing tech

can develop similar patterns to mild or normal HL

continue to demonstrate progress in speech over time

common clinical guidelines for better speech development in children with HL

integrate auditory and speech goals

follow a conversational/real world approach (as opposed to tutorial)

having parents and clinicians target goals in everyday activities

HL and learning facts

the more severe the HL, the harder learning can be

mild HL can put a child at risk for academic failure if ignored

the degree of HL is an important variable but not a determiner of support level

3 ideas in IDEA

FAPE, LRE, IEP

FAPE

curriculum and materials

OT, PT, SLP, audiology, and assistive tech

one on one aids

LRE

where the child has most access to academic, social, and emotional support

depends on each child

PL 94-142: Education of All Handicapped Children Act

law that includes AR services in school setting

PL 99-457: Education of Handicapped Act Amendments

all educational services including AR to include children from birth to 5 years of age

LRE for a child with mild to moderate HL

may succeed in a regular classroom with full support

DoE guidelines we use to determine LRE for children with severe to profound HL

severity of HL and potential for using residual hearing

communication needs and child and family’s preferred mode of communication

social, emotional, cultural needs of the child

AR services provided in schools

management of amplification

hearing conservation

transition planning to postsecondary placement wh

what components should be included in an assessment of hearing functions

speech recognition (spondee words) in quiet and noise with HA

speech reading abilities in quiet and in noise

functional performance (sentences) with amplification

3 variables that affect the acoustic environment of a classroom

nose level, reverberation/echo, distance between student and teacher

need for audiologists in the us

we need 5000 in the US but we only have 1300

what do speech services and auditory training ensure

that a child’s HAs are functioning and troubleshooting basic problems

auditory processing disorder (APD)

categorized as a learning disorder

more boys than girls, history of chronic ear infections

domains of listening measurement ASHA suggests for APD diagnosis

monaural discrimination ability with single word for degraded word/words in competing noise in that ear

binaural hearing ability (less in children with APD)

temporal processing ability (child with APD cannot listen ad fast as teacher is talking)

diagnosis of APD

no scientifically proven approaches, use auditory behavior observation

effective ways to remediate APD

auditory training to a fast presented signal

educating those with APD on better study methods

modifying their listening environment

fm technology

low cost, 6 channels med audio quality

telecoil, amplifier, transmitter, receiver

covers large spaces, but low privacy

infrared technology

med cost, 32 channels med audio quality

telecoil, amplifier, transmitter, receiver

high privacy but light interference and not very mobile

induction loop technology

high cost, 1 channel, med audio quality

telecoil, transmitter, amplifier, reciever

weak privacy, requires electromagnetic field signal

most common hearing technology

FM system