The Blood & Formed Elements

heart, vessels, and blood

closed circulatory system is made up of…

transports gases, nutrients/wastes, and hormones/immunity

functions of the closed circulatory system

homeostasis

maintaining things like body temp, pH, blood pressure, and tissue fluids

connective tissue

What type of tissue is the blood?

formed elements and plasma

whole blood is made up of…

5-6 L

volume of blood in the human body

8%

Blood makes up what percent of a person’s body weight?

amount of red blood cells in whole blood

What does a Hematocrit or PCV measure?

because they menstruate

Why is there less red blood cells in women?

55%

Plasma makes up what percent of whole blood?

45%

Formed elements makes up what percent of whole blood?

water and proteins

plasma is made mostly of…

erythrocytes

What type of cells are most common of the formed elements?

erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

What are the formed elements?

by the presence of stem cells in red bone marrow

How are formed elements created?

biconcave/discoid

erythrocyte shape

lacks a nucleus and mitochondria

erythrocyte inner structure

increases surface area

What does a red blood cell’s shape help it do?

hemoglobin

erythrocytes are 1/3 filled with…

oxygen

erythrocytes transport…

erythrocytes

95%-99% of formed elements are…

granulocytes and agranulocytes

2 types of leukocytes

has a nucleus

leukocyte inner structure

interleukins

chemicals that float between white blood cells to initiate a response

diapedesis

white blood cell’s ability to move between small areas of vessel walls

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

granulocytes

monocytes and lymphocytes

agranulocytes

first responder to bacteria/virus

neutrophils

act on parasites

eosinophils

histamine and heparin release for inflammatory response

basophils

destroy invaders and become macrophages

monocytes

produce antibodies to fight infections

lymphocytes

thrombocytes

platelets are called…

irregular shape leb off a large cell

thrombocyte shape

by plug formation, serotonin release, and promoting coagulation

How do thrombocytes prevent blood loss?

transporting vitamins, maintaining osmotic pressure, and helping with blood coagulation

plasma functions

it doesn’t have blood proteins (albumin) in it

How is tissue fluid different from plasma?