Shotokan Black Belt Written test(Japanese)

Offence

Actions taken to attack or engage an opponent in a martial arts context.

Punch (Tsuki)

A direct strike with a fist in martial arts.

Kick (Keri)

A technique involving a strike with the foot or leg.

Reverse Punch (Gyaku-Tsuki)

A punch thrown with the opposite hand to the leading foot.

Jab Punch (Kizami-Zuki)

A quick, straight punch usually thrown with the lead hand.

Striking Levels

Three distinct heights where strikes can be aimed: head, body, and low.

Head Level (Jodan)

Strikes targeting the head.

Body Level (Chudan)

Strikes aimed at the torso or body.

Low Level (Gedan)

Strikes directed at the lower body.

Zenkutsu-dachi (Front Stance)

A forward stance characterized by one foot in front of the other.

Kiba-dachi (Horse Stance)

A wide, stable stance with feet parallel and knees bent.

Kokutsu-dachi (Back Stance)

A back stance with weight distributed on the back leg.

Leg Attacks

Techniques that focus on using the legs to strike the opponent.

Front Kick (Mae Geri)

A linear kick directed forward, using the ball of the foot.

Roundhouse Kick (Mawashi Geri)

A kick executed by sweeping the leg around in a circular motion.

Side Kick (Yoko Geri)

A kick delivered sideways, using the heel or side of the foot.

Back Kick (Ushiro Geri)

A kick performed by striking backward, using the heel.

Hook Kick (Kagi Geri)

A kick that curves around to strike with the instep.

Spinning Hook Kick (Ushiro Kagi Geri)

A kick that involves spinning the body before executing a hook kick.