AP Euro Topic 8.2: World War I
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25 Terms
militarism
A policy of glorifying military power and keeping a standing army always prepared for war
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Franz Ferdinand
Archduke of Austria Hungary assassinated by a Serbian in 1914. His murder was one of the causes of WW I.
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Imperial Competition
Rivalry among European powers for dominance in the building of empires. A cause of WWI.
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Gavrilo Princip
The assassin of Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria (and his lovely wife Sophie), a member of the Black Hand freedom fighters. Immediate cause of WWI.
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Central Powers
WWI Alliance: Austria-Hungary, Germany, Ottoman Empire
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Allies
WWI Alliance: Britain, France, and Russia- Later joined by Italy
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Western Front
A line of trenches and fortifications in World War I that stretched without a break from Switzerland to the North Sea. Scene of most of the fighting between Germany, on the one hand, and France and Britain, on the other.
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Eastern Front
In WWI, the region along the German-Russian Border where Russians and Serbs battled Germans, Austrians, and Turks.
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Trench Warfare
A form of battle in which opposing armies fight each other from long winding troughs dug in the battlefield.
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stalemate
Word for a deadlock in which neither side is able to defeat the other
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armistice
an agreement made by opposing sides in a war to stop fighting for a certain time; a truce.
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machine gun
An automatic weapon that fires bullets in rapid succession for as long as the trigger is pressed.
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poison gas
Introduced by the Germans and was used by both sides during the war; caused vomiting, blindness, severe burns, and suffocation
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barbed wire
twisted strands of fence wire with barbs at regular intervals used as a last line of defense in trench warfare.
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tank
An enclosed armored military vehicle first used by British in WWI.
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airplane
A powered aircraft with fixed wings first used in battle in World War I for spying and later some bombing.
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submarine/Uboat
a watercraft that stays under water and attacks surface ships using torpedoes, underwater missiles.
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Easter Rebellion
Irish uprising and demand for independence in 1916, hoping to get it while British were occupied by the WW1.
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Nicholas II
the last czar of Russia who terribly botched the war effort and was forced to abdicate in 1917 by the communists.
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Russian Revolution
The overthrow of the Tsarist government which led to the abdication of Nicholas II and the creation of a provisional government in March 1917.
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Vladimir Lenin
Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first leader of the Soviet Union (USSR).
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Soviet Union
A Communist nation, consisting of Russia and 14 other states, that was created by the Bolsheviks and existed from 1922 to 1991.
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genocide
systematic killing of a racial or cultural group
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Kemal Ataturk
Turkish nationalist who founded the modern country of Turkey.
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Mandate System
Allocation of former German colonies and Ottoman possessions to the semi-control of the British and French after World War I; rather than giving them independence.
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