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It defines an area of expertise and knowledge in some real-world activities.

Domain

These are often used to present context-sensitive options, for example to examine properties on particular on-screen objects

Pop-up Menus

These are specific design rules, high in authority, and limited in applications

Standards

These are abstract design rules with high generality and low authority

Principles

Information windows that pop up to inform of an important event or request information.

Dialogue Boxes

Level of support provided to the user in determining successful achievement and assessment of goals

Robustness

It is the multiplicity of ways in which the user and system exchange information

Flexibility

It is the degree to which people may easily and effectively fulfill their objective when dealing with a product

Usability

In this honesty, the interface should immediately inform user of any changes due to their action

Immediate Honesty

It is a dialog that initiated by the system

System Pre-emptive Dialog

It refers to modifiability of the UI by the user or system

Customizability

It is the ability of user to take corrective action once an error has been recognized

Recoverability

It is the difference between the user’s formulation of the actions to reach the actions allowed by the system

Gulf of Execution

It is the ease with which new users can begin effective interaction and achieve maximal performance

Learnability

These are operations to manipulate concepts of a domain

Tasks

It is the desired output from a performed task

Goal

It is the ability of the user to evaluate the internal state of the system from its perceivable representation

Observability

It is the distance between the physical presentation of the system state and expectation of the user.

Gulf of Evaluation

It is traditionally the study of the physical characteristics of the interaction

Ergonomics

It is a specific action required to meet the goal.

Intention

What aspect of interaction do interaction models help us understand?

Translation between user desires and system actions

According to Schneiderman’s 8 rules, what should be done to reduce short-term memory load?

Consolidating multiple page displays

Which is NOT Schneiderman’s 8 rules?

Get the mappings right

What is the purpose of designing dialogs to yield closure according to Scheniderman’s 8 rules?

To let the user know when they have completed a task

According to Norman’s principles of user-centered design, what strategy can be employed to simplify tasks without taking control away from the user?

Providing mental aids

How does Norman suggest bridging the gulfs of execution and evaluation in user interface?

By making things visible and clear

What is the purpose of exploiting the power of constraints, according to Norman’s principles

To guide users toward correct actions

Gulf of execution by Norman

The distance between user’s formulation of actions and the actions allowed by the system

In Norman’s model, what does the user do after perceiving the new state of the system?

Interpret the system state

Gulf of evaluation by Norman

The difference between user’s formulation of actions and the actions allowed by the system

What are errors classified into, based on Norman’s gulf of execution?

Slips and mistakes

According to Norman’s model of interaction, what is the first state in the interactive cycle?

Establishing the goal

What is the last stage in Norman’s model of interaction?

Evaluating the system state with respect to the goals and intentions.

Operations aimed at manipulating the concepts of a domain within interactive systems

Tasks

Specific action required to meet a goal

Intention

Major components of interaction framework

System, User, Input, Output

What distinguishes slips from mistakes?

Slips occur when actions are formulated correctly, but executed incorrectly; mistakes occur when actions are not formulated correctly

What is the traditional focus of ergonomics?

Physical characteristic of interaction

What aspects does ergonomics address?

Human psychology and system constraints

Which of the ff. factors is considered under ergonomics?

Health issues and surrounding environments

What is an example of an ergonomic consideration related to the use of color?

use of red for a warning, green for okay, awareness of color-blindness, etc.,

Which term describes a collection of buttons that allow users to select one feature from a set of mutually exclusive options?

Radio buttons

Which factor is essential for motivating individuals to utilize a device or application?

Offering Immediate gains

Which dimension classifies design rules based on whether they must be followed or are suggested?

Authority

Which type of design rule is high in authority and limited in application?

Standards

Which approach to capturing design knowledge in HCI is relatively new?

Design patterns

In which type of organization are controls and displays arranged to reflect the order of their use in a typical interaction?

Sequential organization

What distinguishes query languages from question and answer dialog interfaces?

They require specific syntax and knowledge of database structure

What type of interface resembles a paper form and is primarily used for data entry or retrieval?

Form-fill interface

Which software is the most common spreadsheet application today?

MS Excel

WIMP

Windows, Icons, Menus, Pointers

What is an example of 3D technique used in user interfaces?

Virtual reality

What is the primary function of icons in an interface?

Representing actions or objects

Which of the ff. statements about menus is true?

Menu bars are commonly placed at the bottom of the screen

It means that the user’s knowledge of interaction history is sufficient to determine the result of his future interaction with it.

Predictability

Users often extend their knowledge of specific interaction behavior to situations that are similar but previously encountered.

Generalizability

This concerns the transfer of control for execution of tasks between system and user.

Task migratability

What characteristic best describes a command line interface?

Allows direct expression of instructions to the computer

What is a characteristic of menus?

Options are displayed visibly for easy selection

What are common problems associated with natural language interfaces?

Vagueness and ambiguity

What is a characteristic feature of question and answer dialog interfaces?

They are limited in functionality

What is a characteristic feature of spreadsheets?

They consist of grid of cells containing values or formulas

What is a characteristic feature of point-and-click interface style?

It is closely associated with hypertext concepts

It is a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation, and implementation of interactive systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them.

HCI

When was HCI adopted as a means to describe this new field of study?

Mid-1980s

Which of the following is a mechanism for receiving light and transforming it into electrical energy?

Eye

What are highly sensitive to light, therefore allowing us to see under low levels of illumination?

Rods

Which type of sensory receptor responds to heat and cold?

Thermoreceptor

Which type of sensory receptor responds to intense pressure, heat, and pain?

Nociceptor

Which of the following refers to the awareness of the position of the body and limbs?

Kinesthesis

Which of the following is for aural stimuli?

Echoic memory

What can be accessed rapidly, in the order of 70 ms?

Short-term memory

Which of the following has a relatively slow access time of approximately a tenth of a second?

Long-term memory

Which of the following long-term memory represents our memory of events and experiences in a serial form?

Episodic

What refers to conditions that will be true after the script is terminated?

Result

Which of the following refers to objects involved in the events described in the script?

Props

Which of the following is a type of retrieval in which information reproduced from memory can be assisted by cues?

Recall

This ISO defines usability as effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction with which users accomplish tasks

ISO 9241

It refers as generally regarded as ensuring that interactive products are easy to learn, effective to use, and enjoyable from user perspective.

Usability

What are the most important senses to HCI?

Vision, Hearing, Touch

These are at the front of the eye focus the light into a sharp image on the back of the eye, the retina.

Cornea and lens

There are approximately _____ per eye which are mainly situated towards the edges of the retina.

120 million rods

It is affected by both the size of the object and its distance from the eye.

Visual angle

Luminance is a physical characteristic and can be measured using a

Photometer

What are the three components of color?

Hue, intensity, and saturation

A low frequency produces a high pitch, otherwise, a low pitch.

False

It is proportional to the amplitude of the sound; the frequency remains constant.

Loudness

The human ear can hear frequencies from about

20 Hz to 15 kHz.

This type of sensory receptor respond to pressure.

Mechanoreceptors

According to a study by Miller, the average person can remember ____ digits.

7 ± 2

This kind of network represent the associations and relationships between single items in memory.

Semantic networks

Frames and scripts can be linked together in networks to represent hierarchically structured knowledge.

True

It refers to a variation on the general pattern representing an alternative scenario.

Tracks