The Jazz Age

Chapter 15

Anarchist

People who oppose all forms of government.

Eugenics

Science that deals with improving hereditary traits.

Ku Klux Klan

Organization originally founded to oppose reconstruction in the South and rights for African Americans, later including opposition to Catholics, Jews, and immigrants.

Emergency Quota Act

Act that limited immigration.

Flapper

Young, dramatic, unconventional woman.

Fundamentalism

Belief that the Bible is truth without error, emphasizing creationism over evolution.

Evolution

Scientific theory that humans and other lifeforms evolved over time.

Creationism

Belief that God created the world, including humans and animals.

Police powers

Government's power to control people and property for public safety, welfare, morality, and health.

Speakeasy

Place where alcoholic drinks were sold illegally.

Nativism

Opposition to immigration based on the belief that native-born people are superior to newcomers.

Great Migration

Movement of African Americans from the rural South to industrial cities in the North.

Harlem Renaissance

African American artistic movement centered in New York City’s Harlem neighborhood.

Claude McKay

Poet of the Harlem Renaissance known for expressing defiance and contempt for racism.

Langston Hughes

Writer of the Harlem Renaissance who described the experiences of African Americans.

Jazz

Style of music developed from blues and ragtime.

Cotton Club

Famous Harlem nightspot where many African American entertainers performed.

Blues

Style of music evolved from African American spirituals.

Marcus Garvey

African American political leader calling for Negro Nationalism and glorification of black culture.

Mass media

Medium of communication intended to reach a wide audience, including newspapers, magazines, and radio.

Prohibition

The act of forbidding the production and sale of alcoholic beverages.

Bohemian

Artistic and unconventional lifestyle.

Carl Sandburg

Chicago poet who used common speech to glorify the Midwest.

Eugene O’Neill

American playwright known for portraying realistic characters in tragic scenes.

Ernest Hemingway

American author who reevaluated the myth of American heroes, known for 'For Whom the Bell Tolls'.

F. Scott Fitzgerald

American author who depicted the emptiness of modern society, famously wrote 'The Great Gatsby'.

Many Americans opposed immigration after WWI because of nativism and because of the postwar recession.

Why did many Americans oppose immigration after World War I?

Hispanic immigrants shaped the national identity of the United States by making the United States more ethically and linguistically diverse. 

How did Hispanic immigrants shape the national identity of the United States? 

Some women entered the workforce and contributed to medicine, literature and science and many others focused on enhancing traditional marital relationships. 

What political, social, and economic contributions did women make to American society in the 1920s? 

The major beliefs of Fundamentalists were believing in the authority of the Bible and creationism. 

What were the major beliefs of Fundamentalists? 

Many people believed that prohibition would help to reduce unemployment, domestic violence, and poverty. 

Analyze the reasons for the adoption of the 18^th Amendment. 

Many artists, writers, and intellectuals flocked to New York City’s Greenwich Village and Chicago’s South Side during the 1920s because these areas offered freedom from conformity to old ideas. 

Why did many artists, writers, and intellectuals flock to New York City’s Greenwich Village and Chicago’s South Side during the 1920s? 

The American economy of the 1920s affected popular culture because Americans had a lot more leisure time and spent more money to pursue new popular culture. 

How did the American economy of the 1920s affect popular culture? 

African Americans helped shape the national identity with music and literature by creating jazz and blues music. 

Analyze how African Americans helped shape the national identity through the use of music and literature. 

WWI made African Americans prideful of their race and wanted power in their country.

How did World War I change attitudes among African Americans toward themselves and their country? 

Many people viewed Sacco and Vanzetti with suspicion because they were

Italian immigrants and anarchists

After the Emergency Quota Act was passed, admission to the USA was based on immigrants’

ethnic identity and national origin

John T. Scopes was put on trial for

teaching evolution

The Twenty-first amendment

ended prohibition

The flowering of African American arts in the 1920s became known as the

Harlem Renaissance

One effect of the 18th Amendment was

an increase in federal police powers

The golden age of Hollywood began in 1927 with the release of

the first motion picture with sound

The 1st commercial radio broadcasts in history, listeners of station KDKA in Pittsburgh heard

Warren G. Harding’s victory in the presidential election

The Cotton Club was

a Harlem nightspot where many African Americans got their start (musicians)

What was the name of the science (not real science) that lent authority to the racist theories and nativist views

eugenics

Although sports became increasingly popular in the 1920s, nothing quite matched the allure of

motion pictures

What sports car was nicknamed the “Sultan of Swat” and became a national hero?

Babe Ruth

The Universal Negro Improvement Association was founded by a dynamic leader from Jamaica

Marcus Garvey

This NYC neighborhood was the center of the African American artistic and creative movement

Harlem

Many writers and artists of the 1920s moved to the NYC neighborhood as a center of creativity

Greenwich Village

Louis Armstrong introduced an improvisational early form of this music influenced by ragtime

jazz

The illegal production and distribution of liquor in the 1920s was called

bootlegging

This famous singer of the 1920s was nicknamed the Empress of Blues

Bessie Smith

The ____ trial tested a state law that banned the teaching of evolution

Scopes

The movement of African Americans from the rural south to industrial cities in the North is the

Great Migration