Control & Coordination Revision

Chemicals

called neurotransmitters cross the synapse and communicate messages from one neuron to the next.

Smell

: The nose contains chemoreceptors that send a message via the olfactory nerve to the brain.

Positive feedback

: Only decreases /Increases and will have more and more or less and less.

Glycogen

is broken down to form glucose.

Dendrite

: receive messages from other neurons and pass the message on to the soma.

Insulin

works on target cells in your liver.

stimulus

Once the is detected by the receptor a message is sent from the receptor to the brain.

Nervous system

: responsible for all we think, do, and feel.

Hippoampus

: creates new long term memories.

Tissue

: A collection of similar cells that perform a particular function.

Taste

: Chemoreceptors in the tongue recept .

better focus

It can promote alertness, and concentration.

Stimuli

: anything your body needs to respond to.

Sense organs

are used to detect stimuli (such as light, sound, touch, taste and smell) in your environment.

blood sugar levels

Regulating glucose () in your body involves negative feedback.

Hormones

are made by glands and released into your blood stream.

endocrine system

Your uses chemical messengers called hormones.

Neurotransmitters

are chemicals involved in passing messages between your neurons.

Negative Feedback

: Something that will go up and down and try to stay in an optimal range.

particular facial expression

It may sense a(n) or tone as being threatening, or it may detect an event that was previously tagged as being a negative experience.

Dopamine levels

can be depleted by stress or poor sleep.

internal environment

Any change (stimuli) in the needs to be detected (by receptors) so the body can respond.

Receptors

: Identify changes inside or outside the body.

Peripheral nervous system

- made of all other nerves in the body.

Insulin

triggers the liver to uptake glucose and store it for later.

Cells

The smallest structural unit of living organisms

Organs

Different types of tissues grouped together to perform a particular function

System

Different organs working together to achieve a specialized function to keep an organism working

Tissue

A collection of similar cells that perform a particular function

Stimuli

anything your body needs to respond to

Receptors

Identify changes inside or outside the body

Effectors

receive messages from the brain e.g

Negative Feedback

Something that will go up and down and try to stay in an optimal range

Positive feedback

Only decreases/Increases and will have more and more or less and less

Chapter 2.3

Nervous System

Nervous system

responsible for all we think, do, and feel

central nervous system

made of the brain and spinal cord

peripheral nervous system

made of all other nerves in the body

Neurons

specialised cells

Dendrite

receive messages from other neurons and pass the message on to the soma

Soma

Cell body, contains the nucleus

Nucleus

Cell control centre

Axon

carries electrical message from the soma to the axon terminal

Axon terminal

The end of the axon, release chemicals called neurotransmitters, into the synapse

Synapse

The space between neurons

Chapter 2.4

Getting the message

Thermoreceptors

Temperature

Mechanoreceptors

Pressure

Chemoreceptors

Nose and Taste buds

Photoreceptors

light

Noiciceptors (pain receptors)

pain

Smell

The nose contains chemoreceptors that send a message via the olfactory nerve to the brain

Taste

Chemoreceptors in the tongue recept taste

Chapter 2.5

The brain

Cerebrum (including the cerebral cortex)

thinking and planning

Thalamus

filters sensory information

Hippoampus

creates new long term memories

4 Lobes

(there are 8 lobes in total, 4 in each hemisphere

Frontal

movement

Parietal

sensation of touch

Occipital

vision

Temporal

sound/hearing

Chapter 2.6

Endocrine System

Influences

water balance in the body, growth

Chapter 2.8

The Brain and Emotions

Fight or flight response

when you feel angry, your hypothalamus responds by sending messages to your pituitary gland to instruct your adrenal glands to release adrenaline