Transcription

Chromosome

A structure that consists of DNA and associated proteins that carries part or all of a cell's genetic information for making a new organism

Gene

an organized unit of DNA sequences that enables a segment of DNA to be transcribed into RNA and ultimately results in the formation of a functional product

Transcription

Process of converting a nucleotide sequence of a gene into a complementary strand of RNA

Initiation

Recognition step in transcription (step 1)

Elongation

Copy of RNA is made from template strand; RNA synthesis occurs in 5' to 3' direction (step 2)

Termination

causes polymerase and RNA transcript to dissociate from DNA (step 3)

mRNA

messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome

Promoter region

a segment of DNA that regulates gene expression by acting as a binding site for RNA polymerase and transcription factors

Splicing

a type of genetic change where a nucleotide base pair in the DNA sequence is altered, but this change does not result in a change in the amino acid sequence of the protein that is produced.