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Geopolitics - Chapter 8
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24 Terms
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1
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irredentism
movement by a nation to unite other parts of its nation that are spread over borders (like Hitler during WWII)
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chokepoint
land claimed by multiple countries/is used for trade
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shatterbelt
a geographical region endangered by local conflicts within the states or between countries in the region
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enclave
country within a country
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exclave
part of country not attached to the mainland
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territoriality
how a group claims its space, both physically and symbolically (helps for identity) (ex: computer stickers)
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define
document the boundary with specific points in the landscape, coordinates, lines of latitude and longitude, etc.
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delimit
draw on map
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demarcate
mark the boundary with pillars/fences/walls
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administer
maintain the border and make the rules about borders
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200 nautical miles
the max amount of sea off the shore of a country that belongs to said country
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Antarctic Treaty
an international agreement to use Antarctica for peace and science
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compact state
borders are equidistant from the center (Kenya, Rwanda)
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elongated state
at least twice as long in one direction than the other (Chile)
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prorupted state
has a protrusion sticking out (Namibia, Thailand, panhandles)
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perforated state
has another state within its borders (South Africa, Italy)
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fragmented state
pieces are not attached to the mainland,cut of by water or another state (archipelagos)
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anocracy
somewhere between democracy and autocracy (Russia, Thailand, Nigeria)
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unitary state
places most power in the hands of the central gov officials
* smaller states, less autocracy
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federal state
allocates strong power to units of local gov within the country
* Local gov has authority to adopt their own laws
* More suitable for larger states
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Arab Spring
movement by citizens in the Arab Middle East to gain political and economic freedoms long withheld by autocratic leaders
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supranationalism
organizing multiple countries into an alliance
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devolution
process by which a country’s gov **cedes** power
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terrorism
systematic use of violence by a group in order to intimidate a populace or coerce a gov into granting demands
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