Mastering Arabic Grammar

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15 Terms

1

Arabiska substantiv

Beskrivande ord som är antingen maskulina eller feminina.

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2

Maskulina substantiv

De flesta substantiv i arabiska språket är maskulina.

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3

Feminina substantiv

Substantiv som oftast har en feminin ändelse (ة) eller refererar till kvinnor.

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4

Taa’marbuuta

Den feminina ändelsen (ة) som används i vissa substantiv.

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5

Exempel på feminina ord

سيَّا رة (sayyaara), حَقيبة (Haqiiba), جالة (khaala), مُمَرِّضة (mumarriDa).

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6

Oregelbundna feminina ord

Ord som oftast är länder, naturföreteelser eller kroppsdelar, exempelvis:رجل (rijl), شمس (shams), سحراء (SaHraa’), مصر (miSr).

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7

ال - al-

Prefix som används för att skapa bestämda substantiv i arabiska.

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8

Bestämd form

För att göra ett substantiv bestämt läggs "al" till i början av ordet.

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9

Solbokstäver

Bokstäver som påverkar uttalet av "al" genom att fördubbla den första bokstaven i ordet.

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10

Månbokstäver

Bokstäver som inte påverkar uttalet av "al".

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11

Exempel på solbokstäver

ت, ث, ج, ز, س, ش, ص, ط, ظ, ل, ن.

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12

Exempel på månbokstäver

ا, ب, د, ح, خ, ر, ف, ق, ك, م, ه, و, ي.

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13

Neutral case ending

När ett substantiv böjs till bestämd form förändras även den neutrala ändelsen.

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14

Uttal av -al

Om -al kommer efter en vokal uttalas inte "a", men påverkar inte stavningen.

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15

Exempel på bestämd form

sayyaara (en bil) = as-sayyaara (bilen).

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