PROTEINS!1!!1!1!!!!!

maximum wavelength absorbance

maximum wavelength absorbance

The ________ (lambdamax) in a sample is used to calculate the protein concentration.

amino acids

A chain of bonded ________ is called a polypeptide.

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

________ (SDS detergent) binds to the proteins to make them uniformly negatively charged.

Proteins

________ are complex macromolecules that are made up of long chains of amino acids.

Enzymes

________ are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.

Mass spectrometers

________ can be used to identify unknown compounds, to quantify known compounds, and to determine structure /chemical properties of molecules.

peptide bonds

In order to form ________, the carboxyl group of one amino acid reacts with the amino group of another.

polypeptide chain

The ________ folds due to hydrogen bonds.

absorption of light

Measures the protein concentration in a solution using the transmittance of light and the ________ in a protein sample.

Protein samples

________ are ran on a PAGE gel then transferred to a blotting membrane.

disulfide bonds

Interactions in the R groups of the helixes and sheets cause ________.

Proteins

________ are chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds.

Enzymes

________ are highly specific, and can only work with certain substrates.

Bonds in the secondary structure

Hydrogen bonds

Bonds in the tertiary structure

Disulfide bonds

Reaction where the carboxyl bonds to the amino

Dehydration synthesis or condensation

Quaternary Structure

Multiple polypeptide chains

Bradford Assay

Coomassie dye reacts with proteins to produce color → the more color the more protein

How does temperature affect enzymes

Breaks H bonds and causes denaturing

How does pH affect enzymes

Affects charges on side chains and denatures enzymes

How can we extract and purify proteins

Chromatography!!!!!

X-Ray crystallography