Chapter 12

The nurse recognizes that which of the following persons is at greatest risk for undernutrition

A 5 month old infant

When assessing a patients nutritional status, the nurse recalls that the best definition of optimal nutritional status is

Sufficient nutrients to provide for daily body requirements and for increased metabolic demands

The nurse is providing nutrition information to the mother of a 1 year old child. Which of the following statements represents accurate information for this age group?

It is important to maintain adequate fat and caloric intake

A pregnant woman is interested in breast-feeding her baby, and asks several questions about the topic. Which information is appropriate for the nurse to share with her?

Breast milk provides the nutrients necessary for growth as well as natural immunity

A mother and her 13 year old daughter express their concern related to the daughter’s recent weight gain and increase in appetite. Which of the following represents information the nurse should discuss with them?

Suggestions for snacks high in protein, iron, and calcium

The nurse is assessing a 30 year old unemployed immigrant from an underdeveloped country who has been in the United States for 1 month. Which of the following problems related to his nutritional status might the nurse expect to find?

Osteomalacia

During a nutritional assessment of a 22 year old male refugee the nurse must remember to

Clarify what is meant by the term “food”

Which of the following statements is true concerning the nutritional assessment?

It identifies patients who are at risk of malnutrition

The nurse is seeing a patient for the first time who has no history of nutrition-related problems. The initial nutritional screening should include which of the following?

Measurement of weight and weight history

A patient is asked to indicate on a form how many times he eats a specific food. This would describe which of the following methods for obtaining dietary information?

Food frequency questionnaire

The nurse is providing care for a 68 year old woman who is complaining of constipation. What concern exists regarding her nutritional status?

The absorption of nutrients may be impaired

During a nutritional assessment why is it important for the nurse to ask a patient what medications he or she is taking?

Certain drugs can affect the metabolism of nutrients

A patient tells the nurse that his food just doesn’t have any taste anymore. The nurse’s best response would be?

When did you first notice this change ?

The nurse is performing a nutritional assessment on a 15 year old girl who tells the nurse that she is “so fat.” Assessment reveals that she is 5 feet 4 inches and weighs 110 pounds. The nurses appropriate response would be:

How much do you think you should weigh?

The nurse is discussing appropriate foods with the mother of a 3 year old child. Which of the following foods are recommended?

Finger foods and nutritious snacks that can’t cause choking

Which of the following factors is most likely to affect the nutritional status of an 82 year old person?

Living alone on a fixed income

When considering a nutritional assessment, the nurse is aware that the most common anthropometric measurements include?

Height and weight

If a 29 year old woman weights 146 pounds and the nurse determines her ideal body weight to be 120 pounds, how would the nurse classify the woman’s weight?

Obese

To perform a triceps skin fold assessment, the examiner would do which of the following?

After applying the calipers wait 3 seconds before taking a reading. Repeat the procedure three times.

When assessing muscle mass and fat stores on a 40 year old woman, the nurse would use:

Mid upper arm circumference

When the mid upper arm circumference and triceps skin fold of an 82 year old man are evaluated it is important to remember that

These measurements may not be accurate because of changes i skin and fat distribution

The nurse is concerned about the skeletal protein reserves of a patient who has been hospitalized frequently for chronic lung disease. Which of the following measurements would be necessary to include in the assessment?

Mid arm muscle area

Which of the following best describes the technique for measuring the frame size?

With the right arm extended forward and the elbow bent, use the calipers to measure the distance between the condoles of the humerus

In teaching a patient how to determine total body fat at home the nurse includes instructions to obtain measurements of

Height and Weight

The nurse is evaluating patients for obesity-related diseases. Which one of the following would be at increased risk?

A 29 year old woman whose percent ideal body weight is 125% waist is 33 inches and hips 36 inches

The mother of an 8 year old boy is concerned about the amount of wright her son has gained. To determine whether this is a problem, the nurse will measure?

Skinfold thickness

The nurse needs to determine the body mass index of an 80 year old man who is confined to a wheelchair. Which of the following is true in this situation?

Height measurements may not be accurate because of changes in bone

After completing a diet assessment on a 30 year old woman, the nurse suspects that she may be deficient in iron. Laboratory studies to obtain to verify this condition would be?

Hemoglobin and hematocrit

A 50 year old woman with elevated serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels is visiting the clinic today to find out about her laboratory results. What would be important for the nurse to include in patient teaching in relation to theses tests?

Information regarding a low saturated fat diet

A 40 year old man has had a recent weight loss of 20 pounds because of a quick loss diet and stress. He tells the nurse that he keeps getting colds and the flu. In addition to assessing his nutrition status, the nurse would also want to obtain which lab report?

Total lymphocyte count

To obtain an accurate nitrogen balance and creatinine height index the nurse must ensure that?

An accurate 24-hour urine specimen has been collected

When evaluating the results of lab tests the nurse knows taht which of the following statements is true?

Variations based on biocultural differences may exist

In performing an assessment on a 49 year old woman who has imbalanced nutrition as a result of dysphasia which of the following data would the nurse expect to find?

Inadequate food intake

A 21 year old woman has been on a low-protein liquid diet for the past 2 months. She has had adequate calories and appears well nourished. In further assessing her, what would the nurse expect to find?

Decreased serum albumin

The nurse is performing a nutritional assessment on an 80 year old patient. The nurse knows that physiologic changes that directly affect the nutritional status of the elderly include?

Slowed gastrointestinal motility

Which of the following interventions is most appropriate when the nurse is planning nutritional interventions for a healthy, active 74 year old woman?

Decrease the number of calories she is eating because of the decrease in energy requirements from loss of lean body mass

Which of the following statements is true regarding routine laboratory testing in the following individuals?

During adolescence unless disease is suspected laboratory evaluation of hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and urinalysis for glucose and proteins are adequate

A 16 year old girl is being seen at the clinic for gastrointestinal complaints and weight loss. The nurse determines that many of her complaints may be related to erratic eating patterns, eating predominantly fast foods, and high caffeine intake. In this situation which of the following is most appropriate when collecting current dietary intake information?

Have the patient complete a food diary for 3 days 2 weekdays and 1 weekend day

which of the following individuals is most likely to have an anergic response when assessing skin test antigens?

An individual with malnutrition

Which body composition-measuring tool measure fat and lean body mass and bone mineral density?

Dual energy x-ray (DEXA) absorptiometry

Which of the following measurements is an early indicator of protein malnutrition?

Serum transferrin

A 65 year old man is brought to the emergency department after he was found dazed and incoherent alone in his apartment. He has an enlarged liver and is moderately dehydrated. When evaluating his drum albumin level the nurse must keep in mind that

Low serum albumin levels may be caused by reasons other than protein-calorie malnutrition

Which of the following conditions is due to an inadequate intake of both protein and calories?

Marasmus

a pregnant woman who has a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive is asking the nurse about breast-feeding her baby. Which of the following statement is true?

Women who are HIV positive should not breast-feed because HIV can be transmitted through breast milk

during an assessment of a patient who has been homeless for several years, the nurse notices that his tongue is magenta in color. This is an indication of?

Riboflavin deficiency

The nurse is assessing an obese patient for singes of metabolic syndrome. This condition is diagnosed when three or more certain risk factors are present. Which of the following are risk factors for metabolic syndrome? Select all that apply.

Fasting plasma glucose level greater than or equal to 100 mg/dl; blood pressure reading of 140/90 mm Hg