Health Final

Inductive reasoning

Inductive reasoning

consists of making broad generalizations based on specific observations.

alcohol poisoning

Unconsciousness

Vomiting

Pale cold clammy skin

Abnormally slow breathing

alcoholism

crave alcohol, unable to stop, experience withdrawal when they do stop drinking, increased tolerance; 1 in 14 adults alcoholic/abuser.

alveoli

tiny sacs in lungs where gas exchange takes place; can be found in respiratory bronchioles

amphetamines

Stimulants Increase alertness in physical activity.

angina

chest pain

anorexia nervosa

When a person doesn’t eat enough yet keeps seeing themselves as fat but is still skinny

antibiotics

treats bacterial infections.

anxiety

Most common mental illness in teens

atherosclerosis

disease in which plaque builds up inside your arteries

Binge drinking

(5 drinks for males; 4 for females in a row)

Biopsy

to remove cell or tissue from body for testing

blood alcohol concentration

• .02 Light to moderate drinkers feel effects

• .08 definite motor impairment; legal limit

• .12 vomiting

• .4 lose consciousness; possible death

• .5 usually death

bronchi

The first split of the _____ is the primary bronchi. The second split is the secondary bronchi. The third split is the tertiary bronchi, and then it splits to bronchioles.

bronchitis

inflammation of the bronchi

bulimia nervosa

Person eats a lot of food then tries to get rid of it by throwing, over exercising

Cancer

The uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells

capillaries

Carry blood between Arteries and Veins. (they are very small only have one cell)

Carcinogen

cancer causing substance

Cardiac Arrest

heart stops pumping suddenly

cardiovascular diseases

Most common type of Chronic Disease. Causes roughly 40% of the deaths in the US

Cataract

cloudy area in the lens

chronic disease

a disease that tends to last a long period of time, includes cancer and heart disease.

cocaine

• Comes as a white powder that is sniffed into the nose

• Very psychologically addicting

• Can become addicted with one use

communicable

Transmitted from person to person

completed suicide

carrying out a suicide

complex carbohydrate

Digests slower good for long activities, and good for preparation in advance of an event

daily reference value

how much of a 2000 calorie diet a food Item takes up

Depression

abnormal emotions that last for a long period of time can interfere with daily life

drug abuse

Using chemicals substance to achieve abnormal mental or physical states

Emphysema

a smoker’s disease that causes breathlessness

essential body fat

Minimum amount required for health. Female 13-15%; Male 3-7%

estrogen

responsible for female secondary sex characteristics

Fight or flight

part of GAS, and is when adrenaline hits

Fomite

  inanimate object that can carry disease.

General Adaption Syndrome

Alarm reaction

Resistance

Exhaustion

glucagon

keep the blood glucose levels in balance produced in the pancreas

Glycemic Index

determines how fast a food item will raise blood sugar

3 C’s of Hardiness

• Challenge- hardy individuals view stressors as manageable challenges

• Control- Hardy individuals accept responsibility for their behavior and believe their actions make a difference

• Commitment - Hardy individuals believe in something outside of themselves that give their life meaning

HDL

• High density lipoprotein

• Good cholesterol because they help reduce LDL

• Obtained by good diet and activity

heart attack

Coronary arteries become blocked with fat deposits; atherosclerosis develops (a building of plaque deposits causing a blockage of a blood vessel); heart muscle not receiving adequate blood supply dies.

hepatitis C

disease that attacks liver

homeostasis

 the state of balance when body is functioning properly, The body naturally strives to maintain this.

hypertension

When blood pressure is higher than normal, normal is 120/80, measured using a sphygmomanometer.

immunity

• Natural- body develops immunity after coming into contact with pathogen and developing antibodies

• Artificial- taking a vaccine for a pathogen

infectious disease

caused by microscopic living organisms that invade the body tissues and then multiply, the number 1 cause of death until the early 20th century.

insulin

keep the blood glucose levels in balance produced in the pancreas

LDL

Low Density Lipoprotein, Bad cholesterol, Builds up on artery walls

Light Consumption

no more than 1 drink a day three or fewer times per week.

marijuana

Drug most likely abused by teens, Contains THC, Worse than tobacco smoke

metastasis

the cancer has or is spreading to other organs or parts of the body.

mineral

Elements needed by body in very small amounts, Body cannot manufacture these, so they must come from foods.

Moderate Consumption

1 drink/day for women, 2 drinks/day for men; upper limit - three drinks on one occasion.

monounsaturated fat

• Liquid a room temperature

• Found in plant oils

• Increase HDL

• Best for heart health

Morbidity

illness or disease

Mortality

Death

narcotics

Pain-killing drugs such as morphine, codeine, and heroin, Derived from opium poppy

olfactory area

detects odors

osteoporosis

Holes in the bones that make them weaker. Genetics, Gender, Age, Inactivity are all risk factors

otitis media

an infection of the middle ear that causes inflammation

Pathogen

Disease causing organism

periodontal disease

gum disease

Phobia

Panic, dread, rapid heartbeat, overwhelming desire to get away

polyunsaturated fat

• Liquid at room temperature

• Plant oils

progesterone

sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species

psychiatrist

medical that doctors can prescribe drugs

psychotherapist

can’t prescribe drugs but can counsel and help

public health

the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals

Radiation

a form of removing cancerous cells, and it destroys all cells in area

saturated fat

• Solid at room temperature

• Found in Animal Products

• Increase LDL

schizophrenia

Very severe brain disorder in which patient is disconnected from society

sebum

oil in hair

self-imposed quarantine

separating as much as possible from other people sharing the living space

simple carbohydrate

Sugars, Quick source of energy; good fuel source for quick energy (ex: skittles)

statutory rape

Unwanted sexual touching with a person under the age of 18

stress

physical and emotional reactions to changes and challenges

stress hormones

Adrenaline increases your heart rate, elevates your blood pressure and boosts energy supplies.

Cortisol, the primary stress hormone, increases sugars (glucose) in the bloodstream, enhances your brain's use of glucose and increases the availability of substances that repair tissues.

stress response

Physiological response to stressor

• General Adaptation Syndrome ( 3 stages)

  • Alarm reaction

  • Resistance

  • Exhaustion

stressor

• Personal

• Environmental uncomfortable conditions in the world around you( noise, whether,)

• Interpersonal : Between 2 people, most common in teens

• Societal : Societal discrimination and violence (can be targeted for race)

stroke

Blocked arteries supplying blood to the brain causing the underlying brain tissue to die. Usually affects only one side of the body.

surgeon general

put out warnings on different products

sympathetic nervous system

releases signals to causes symptoms of stress, like slower digestion, muscle tension, increased breathing rate, vasoconstriction

tar

is a carcinogen that makes smoke have its gray color

testosterone

produced by body to increase bone and muscle growth, and secondary sex characteristics, facial hair, deeper voice, broader shoulders

unsaturated fat

are liquid at room temperature, are considered beneficial fats because they can improve blood cholesterol levels, ease inflammation, stabilize heart rhythms, and play a number of other beneficial roles.

valid

verified by science

violence

physical force to cause injury of death

vitamin

Enables the body to produce energy from foods.

wellness

the things that you do to affect health

withdrawal

adverse effects on health by not having alcohol in the system

optimal health

the highest level

sexual assault

A use of violence to have sexual relations without the other persons consent