General Science Exam Review Flashcards

Flashcards for the General Science 2nd Semester Exam Review

What is ecology?

The study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment.

What is the main source for life on Earth?

Sunlight

What is the difference between a producer and a consumer?

Organisms that make their own food vs. organisms that consume other organisms.

What are trophic levels?

Level in a food chain or food web.

What is an ecological niche?

The role an organism plays in its environment, including its habitat, food, and interactions.

What is the difference between predator and prey?

One organism hunts and eats another vs. the organism being hunted.

What are mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism?

A close ecological relationship between two or more organisms of different species where both benefit vs. one benefits and the other is not harmed or helped vs. one benefits and the other is harmed.

Who is the father of genetics?

Gregor Mendel

How many chromosomes do humans have?

46

What is the difference between dominant and recessive genes?

Genes that are expressed if present vs. genes that are only expressed if two copies are present.

What are the two alternate names for both homozygous and heterozygous?

Homozygous = purebred, heterozygous = hybrid

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Genetic makeup vs. physical characteristics.

Where do Estuaries review nutrients from?

Estuaries review nutrients from Rivers

Where are the majority of marine organisms found?

Most marine organisms live in the photic zone

What are the differences between nekton and benthos?

Free-swimming organisms vs. organisms that live on the bottom.

Who would be considered the sea's smallest herbivores?

Zooplankton

How are organisms in an aquatic ecosystem determined?

By the adaptations they possess

Know the difference between photic and aphotic.

The photic zone is the layer of the ocean that receives sunlight, while the aphotic zone is the layer that does not.

Know the difference between adaptation and mimicry.

Adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce, while mimicry is an adaptation in which an organism resembles another organism or object for protection.