Studied by 97 people
1st amendment
freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly, and petition
2nd amendment
right to bear arms
3rd amendment
no required housing of soldiers
4th amendment
no unreasonable search or arrest
5th amendment
no double jeopardy or witness against yourself
6th amendment
right to speed and public trial
7th amendment
right to a jury
8th amendment
no excessive bail and no cruel and unusual punishment
13th amendment
abolish slavery
19th amendment
women may vote
26th amendment
vote at 18
if someone is discriminated to vote due to gender, what amendment protects that
19th amendment
if someone is charged with the same exact crime twice, what amendment protects that
5th amendment
if you are sentenced to death for stealing a phone, what amendment protects that
8th amendment
if the mayor bans meetings for a religious club, what amendment protects that
1st amendment
political revolution
when something over-goes a radical change
People should be able to have a say in government
belief that people should have a voice in governing themselves
what is the relationship between the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment
people used observation and logic
sovereignty
supreme authority
how is power exercised in popular-sovereignty
citizens are able to vote for officials, government only has power from the people
deficit spending
when a government spends more money than it has
how does deficit spending contribute to revolutions
inflation, people experience hardships, and standards of living falls. This creates distrust and frustration by the people with the government
nation-state
a country in which the majority population shares beliefs and cultures
equal rights
when all people are treated equally and not based on gender or race
what is the biggest difference between equal rights and sovereignty
sovereignty is for those who qualify, discriminating against other races and genders, while equal rights guarantees no discrimination
importance of freedom and equality
to have equal opportunities and rights in life, and to be able to make independent decisions or have different ideas
american revolution cause
unjust taxing and no representation
french revolution cause
deficit spending and the rich government against the poverty of the people
haitian revolution cause
unequal rights and mass amounts of slavery
south american revolution cause
unequal rights to the indigenous people, they sought for equal rights from the colonists
atlantic revolutions
american, french, haitian, and south american
racical
extreme change, equality over order
liberal
some change, more government control
moderate
little change
conservative
no change, less government control
reactionary
return to past policies, violent, strong order
divine right
belief that you have a right to rule given by god
absolute monarchy
government where the monarch has complete power
limited monarchy
government where the monarch's power is split between them and the government
habeas corpus
legal principle prohibiting unlawful detention or imprisonment
what amendment follows habeas corpus
4th amendment
magna carta
free men have the right to liberty protected by the law, a monarch can punish his subjects, and a monarch's power should be limited by the law of the land
Phillip II
ruled spain, 1556-1598, absolute monarch by divine right
James I
stuart king of England, writes the "True Law of Free Money", argues king can make any law
Charles I
king of Britain, catholic, against parliment
Louis XIV
king of France, the "sun king", increases power of king
Charles II
king of England, suspends discriminating laws, attempts to break ties with parliment
James II
king of England, exiled for belief of changing England to Catholicism
William III & Mary II
signs English bill of rights, no taxes w/o parliament, no cruel and unsual punishment
glorious revolution
peaceful revolution in 1668 replacing king James II with William III & Mary II in fear of England becoming a catholic state
english bill of rights
laws protecting the rights of English subjects and Parliament, limiting the king's power, no taxes w/o parliament, no cruel and unsual punishment
King George I
king of England, goes to war with France, deficit spending during war, taxes colonies
french and indian war
war lead by King George I, concouring land from the indians, England in debt
who was beheaded after losing English civil war
King George I
wrote the Leviathan
Thomas Hobbes
Enlightenment
natural rights, less government control
where did the Enlightenment begin
Paris
Thomas Hobbes
believed that people are born selfish and need a strong central authority
John Locke
natural rights, shaped by experiences, fight for rights
who believe that government should exist to protect natural rights
John Locke
Montesquieu
french, wrote about separation of powers, 3 branches
which philosopher is America's branches based off of
Montesquieu
Voltaire
religious freedom, every idea can be challenged
Jean Jacques Rousseau
man is born free and everywhere he is in chains, will of the majority is supreme
Mary Wollstonecraft
women are equal, "Mind has no gender"
Adam Smith
government should not be involved in the economy, believed in Lassez-faire
who said "Man is an animal who makes bargains"
Adam Smith
John Adams
only property owners and educated men should be involved in government
Thomas Jefferson
Com. man can participate in government, government should be all
Lassez-Faire
policy allowing business to operate with little to no government interference
Natural rights
idea that all humans are born with rights
Life, Liberty, and Property
natural rights
Social Contract
an agreement among individuals to secure their rights and welfare by creating a government and abiding by its rules
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