Absolutism, Enlightenment, & Revolutions

studied byStudied by 97 people
5.0(1)
Get a hint
Hint

1st amendment

1 / 72

flashcard set

Earn XP

73 Terms

1

1st amendment

freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly, and petition

New cards
2

2nd amendment

right to bear arms

New cards
3

3rd amendment

no required housing of soldiers

New cards
4

4th amendment

no unreasonable search or arrest

New cards
5

5th amendment

no double jeopardy or witness against yourself

New cards
6

6th amendment

right to speed and public trial

New cards
7

7th amendment

right to a jury

New cards
8

8th amendment

no excessive bail and no cruel and unusual punishment

New cards
9

13th amendment

abolish slavery

New cards
10

19th amendment

women may vote

New cards
11

26th amendment

vote at 18

New cards
12

if someone is discriminated to vote due to gender, what amendment protects that

19th amendment

New cards
13

if someone is charged with the same exact crime twice, what amendment protects that

5th amendment

New cards
14

if you are sentenced to death for stealing a phone, what amendment protects that

8th amendment

New cards
15

if the mayor bans meetings for a religious club, what amendment protects that

1st amendment

New cards
16

political revolution

when something over-goes a radical change

New cards
17

People should be able to have a say in government

belief that people should have a voice in governing themselves

New cards
18

what is the relationship between the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment

people used observation and logic

New cards
19

sovereignty

supreme authority

New cards
20

how is power exercised in popular-sovereignty

citizens are able to vote for officials, government only has power from the people

New cards
21

deficit spending

when a government spends more money than it has

New cards
22

how does deficit spending contribute to revolutions

inflation, people experience hardships, and standards of living falls. This creates distrust and frustration by the people with the government

New cards
23

nation-state

a country in which the majority population shares beliefs and cultures

New cards
24

equal rights

when all people are treated equally and not based on gender or race

New cards
25

what is the biggest difference between equal rights and sovereignty

sovereignty is for those who qualify, discriminating against other races and genders, while equal rights guarantees no discrimination

New cards
26

importance of freedom and equality

to have equal opportunities and rights in life, and to be able to make independent decisions or have different ideas

New cards
27

american revolution cause

unjust taxing and no representation

New cards
28

french revolution cause

deficit spending and the rich government against the poverty of the people

New cards
29

haitian revolution cause

unequal rights and mass amounts of slavery

New cards
30

south american revolution cause

unequal rights to the indigenous people, they sought for equal rights from the colonists

New cards
31

atlantic revolutions

american, french, haitian, and south american

New cards
32

racical

extreme change, equality over order

New cards
33

liberal

some change, more government control

New cards
34

moderate

little change

New cards
35

conservative

no change, less government control

New cards
36

reactionary

return to past policies, violent, strong order

New cards
37

divine right

belief that you have a right to rule given by god

New cards
38

absolute monarchy

government where the monarch has complete power

New cards
39

limited monarchy

government where the monarch's power is split between them and the government

New cards
40

habeas corpus

legal principle prohibiting unlawful detention or imprisonment

New cards
41

what amendment follows habeas corpus

4th amendment

New cards
42

magna carta

free men have the right to liberty protected by the law, a monarch can punish his subjects, and a monarch's power should be limited by the law of the land

New cards
43

Phillip II

ruled spain, 1556-1598, absolute monarch by divine right

New cards
44

James I

stuart king of England, writes the "True Law of Free Money", argues king can make any law

New cards
45

Charles I

king of Britain, catholic, against parliment

New cards
46

Louis XIV

king of France, the "sun king", increases power of king

New cards
47

Charles II

king of England, suspends discriminating laws, attempts to break ties with parliment

New cards
48

James II

king of England, exiled for belief of changing England to Catholicism

New cards
49

William III & Mary II

signs English bill of rights, no taxes w/o parliament, no cruel and unsual punishment

New cards
50

glorious revolution

peaceful revolution in 1668 replacing king James II with William III & Mary II in fear of England becoming a catholic state

New cards
51

english bill of rights

laws protecting the rights of English subjects and Parliament, limiting the king's power, no taxes w/o parliament, no cruel and unsual punishment

New cards
52

King George I

king of England, goes to war with France, deficit spending during war, taxes colonies

New cards
53

french and indian war

war lead by King George I, concouring land from the indians, England in debt

New cards
54

who was beheaded after losing English civil war

King George I

New cards
55

wrote the Leviathan

Thomas Hobbes

New cards
56

Enlightenment

natural rights, less government control

New cards
57

where did the Enlightenment begin

Paris

New cards
58

Thomas Hobbes

believed that people are born selfish and need a strong central authority

New cards
59

John Locke

natural rights, shaped by experiences, fight for rights

New cards
60

who believe that government should exist to protect natural rights

John Locke

New cards
61

Montesquieu

french, wrote about separation of powers, 3 branches

New cards
62

which philosopher is America's branches based off of

Montesquieu

New cards
63

Voltaire

religious freedom, every idea can be challenged

New cards
64

Jean Jacques Rousseau

man is born free and everywhere he is in chains, will of the majority is supreme

New cards
65

Mary Wollstonecraft

women are equal, "Mind has no gender"

New cards
66

Adam Smith

government should not be involved in the economy, believed in Lassez-faire

New cards
67

who said "Man is an animal who makes bargains"

Adam Smith

New cards
68

John Adams

only property owners and educated men should be involved in government

New cards
69

Thomas Jefferson

Com. man can participate in government, government should be all

New cards
70

Lassez-Faire

policy allowing business to operate with little to no government interference

New cards
71

Natural rights

idea that all humans are born with rights

New cards
72

Life, Liberty, and Property

natural rights

New cards
73

Social Contract

an agreement among individuals to secure their rights and welfare by creating a government and abiding by its rules

New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 24 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 19 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 5 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 14 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 11 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 6 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 64557 people
... ago
4.9(257)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (121)
studied byStudied by 64 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (22)
studied byStudied by 32 people
... ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (122)
studied byStudied by 121 people
... ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (41)
studied byStudied by 22 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (28)
studied byStudied by 2 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (43)
studied byStudied by 9 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (896)
studied byStudied by 59 people
... ago
5.0(6)
flashcards Flashcard (47)
studied byStudied by 165 people
... ago
5.0(3)
robot