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humanism
AKA phenomenological theory; emphasizes internal processes rather than overt behavior and focuses on what distinguishes humans from animals
Lewin’s field theory
holds that personality can be divided up dynamically into ever-changing regions called “systems”; when one is under tension/anxiety, articulation between various regions is generally diffused rather than working in integrated fashion
Maslow
humanist theorist who developed hierarchy of needs and the concept of self-actualization
Kelly
based personality theory on the notion of “individual as scientist” who devises and tests predictions about the behavior of significant people in their life
humanistic-existential therapies
modality of therapy that emphasizes the process of finding meaning in one’s life by making one’s own choices
Rogers’s client-centered therapy
AKA person-centered therapy or nondirective therapy; patient is seen as being able to reflect upon their problems, make choices, take positive action, and help determine their own destiny; emphasized unconditional positive regard
Frankl
survivor of Nazi concentration camps who views mental illness and maladjustment as stemming from a life of meaninglessness