Psychology 2e - Chapter 7

Cognitive psychology

the branch of psychology that focuses on human thinking

Prototype example of leadership on a team

The team captain

Artificial concept example

A triangle’s area

Event schema

cognitive script

Rules for organizing words into sentences

Syntax

Smallest unit of language that carries meaning

Morphemes

Rules that determine meaning of words and phrases

Semantics

Basic sound units of spoken language

Phonemes

Specific formula for solving a problem

An algorithm

Mental shortcut for problem solving

A heuristic

Bias involving fixation on a single trait

Anchoring bias

Bias involving reliance on a false stereotype

Representative bias

Fluid intelligence

Ability to see complex relationships and solve problems

Not one of Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences

Creative

Triarchic theory of intelligence

Sternberg

Intelligence used when examining data for trends

Analytical

Normed and standardized test sample

A representative sample

Mean score for average IQ

100

Developer of most widely used IQ test

David Wechsler

DSM-5 diagnostic label for mental retardation

Intellectual disability

Source of high intelligence

Both genetics and environment

Arthur Jensen belief about intelligence

Intelligence level was determined by race

Learning disability

A developmental disorder

Statement about intelligence

There are many factors working together to influence an individual’s intelligence level