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Lordosis

An increased curvature of the lumbar spine, often related to pregnancy.

Vertebral segments

Divided into cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacral (4-5 fused), and coccyx (3-4 fused).

Transverse processes

Lateral bony projections from a vertebra.

Foramen

A hole or opening in a bone.

Articular processes

Superior and inferior protrusions on vertebrae that form joints.

Facet

The area where two vertebrae connect, allowing for movement and stability.

Intervertebral disc

Cartilage located between vertebrae that absorbs shock and supports weight.

Lamina

The flat part of a vertebra located between the transverse process and the spinous process.

Cervical spine

The portion of the vertebral column that consists of seven cervical vertebrae.

Sternum

The breastbone located at the front of the rib cage.