Studied by 2 people
William Randolph Hearst
ran the New York Journal, proponent of yellow journalism: "You furnish the pictures, I'll furnish the war"
Theodore Roosevelt
US President, fought in the Rough Riders during the SPAM war, championed expansionism; nicknamed "Bull Moose"; got SHOT except he LIVED because of his FIFTY PAGE COPY OF HIS SPEECH AND HIS STEEL EYEGLASS CASE PROTECTING HIS CHEST
Rough Riders
a group of volunteer soldiers made up of miners, lawyers, cowboys, etc. that fought at Kettle Hill and allowed the US to secure San Juan Hill, a strategically important site; led by Theodore Roosevelt
Guam
island in the Pacific ceded to the US after the Spanish-American War, acted as a stepping stone to China and the Philippines
Emilio Aguinaldo
leader of the Filipino independence movement, initially helped George Dewey secure the Philippines but fought back against the US after it became clear they would not get independence
Manifest Destiny
the belief that America was destined to expand and conquer North America
White Man's Burden
a poem by Rudyard Kipling describing how it was the duty of white people to bring civilization and Christianity to Asia, Africa, etc.
Commodore George Dewey
admiral in the US Navy who fought the Spanish in the Philippines
William "Big Bill" Howard Taft
first American governor of the Philippines; succeeded Roosevelt as President
Sanford Dole
a wealthy sugar plantation owner; became the first governor of Hawai'i after the queen was overthrown and asked for Hawai'i to be annexed to the US
Queen Liliuokalani
last queen of Hawaii; wanted to restore the monarchy; overthrown by US Marines
tariff
a tax on imported goods to help domestic businesses
Cuban War of Independence
1895-1898; led by Jose Marti; main cause of the Spanish-American War as it aroused sympathy in Americans
guerrilla warfare
an unconventional fighting style using hit-and-run tactics
Platt Amendment
a 1903 treaty between the US and Cuba to protect Cuba from foreign intervention; 1) gave the US permission to intervene 2) prevented Cuba from incurring debt with another country 3) prevented Cuba from signing treaties with other countries 4) allowed the US to build a naval base in Guantanamo Bay
De LĂ´me letter
letter by Spanish ambassador Enrique Dupoy de LĂ´me that insulted President McKinley; leaked in NY Journal and angered Americans
General Valeriano Weyler
"The Butcher"; set up reconcentration camps to keep civilians from helping the rebels
yellow journalism
exaggerated and sensationalized journalism to catch attention and sell papers
William McKinley
president of the US during the SPAM War, reluctant supporter of imperialism; got assassinated lmao
reconcentration camps
camps to keep civilians from helping rebels; crowded, unhygienic, starved people to death
protectorate
a state that is controlled and protected by another
José Marti
leader of the Cuban independence movement
Treaty of Paris
ended SPAM war; 1) freed Cuba from Spain 2) ceded Guam and Puerto Rico to America 3) sold Philippines to America for $20 million
assassination of William McKinley
shot by Leon Czolgosz while in public because he had no bodyguards. massive L
John L. Stevens
Minister to Hawaii, led the plot to overthrow the queen
social Darwinism
the idea that certain races were biologically inferior and less evolved than others; a reason for imperialism
expansionism
expanding territory through colonies or military/economic control
Anglo-Saxonism
the belief that English speaking countries are superior and more civilized, a reason for imperialism
imperialism
the domination of one country over another, through military, political, or economic means
commonwealth
a self-governing territory associated with another country; another word for colony; however, citizens of a commonwealth have more power than citizens of a colony
reasons for imperialism
Anglo-Saxonism and cultural superiority 2) the White Man's Burden, spreading civilization 3) desire for new trade markets and places to get raw materials
Puerto Rico
a commonwealth of the US, part of the US and pays taxes but its citizens can't vote; ceded to the US during the Spanish-American War; strategically valuable for ports
Panama Canal
canal connecting Pacific and Atlantic; finished in 1914; uses locks to raise ships above sea level; supported by Teddy Roosevelt
Panama Revolution
Panamanians revolted against Colombia and were supported by the US because they wanted to build the Panama Canal
Admiral Alfred Mahan
encouraged the government to increase their naval power to compete with Europe
Rudyard Kipling
poet who was influential in spreading Anglo-Saxon ideals
significance of the Spanish-American War
showed the US navy's power 2) managed to defeat a European power 3) America acquired their own empire 4) ended isolationism, began intervening in world affairs again 5) increased foreign investment
"Remember the Maine, to hell with Spain"
slogan used against Spain after the Maine explosion
U.S.S. Maine explosion
The Maine was sent to Cuba in 1898 to protect Americans living in Cuba; exploded in Havana's harbor with no known cause; resulted in outrage in Americans, blamed on the Spanish
jingoism
aggressive nationalism; exemplified by annexation of Hawai'i
reasons for the SPAM war
Spanish war crimes, USS Maine, desire to protect US investments, desire to prevent the destruction of property (which the rebels were responsible for), yellow journalism (kinda)
assimilation
when the people in a conquered territory are "absorbed" and their culture comes to resemble the dominant country (e.g. teaching English in Filipino schools)
Teller Amendment
the US promised to withdraw and give Cuba independence after Spain was overthrown; withdrew in 1902; however, they still had the right to intervene
anti-imperialist movement
included Jane Addams, Samuel Gompers, Andrew Carnegie, President Cleveland, and William Randolph Hearst
spheres of influence
regions in a country where another country has exclusive economic control
Open Door policy
created by US secretary John Hay, advocated for all countries to be able to trade freely with China without any country having exclusive rights; summarized in the Open Door notes
Boxer Rebellion
rebellion led by a martial arts secret society nicknamed the Boxers; killed foreigners, missionaries, Chinese Christian converts; an alliance of 8 nations put down the rebellion; China had to pay reparations and allow trade for them
arbitration
having a neutral third party oversee negotiations; Roosevelt arbitrated for Russia and Japan after their war in 1905 and won the Nobel Peace Prize for it
big stick diplomacy
Roosevelt's foreign policy based off of the African proverb "speak softly and carry a big stick"; negotiating with foreign countries while backed up by the unspoken threat of a large military
dollar diplomacy
Taft's foreign policy of using economic power to control a region, such as trying to buy railroads in China from Japan and Russia
missionary diplomacy
also called moral diplomacy, said the US would not recognize Latin American governments that were hostile to the US, undemocratic, or corrupt; for example, the US intervened in the Mexican Civil War after General Victoriano Huerta took control as a military dictator
Roosevelt Corollary
extension of the Monroe Doctrine that said the US would use force to protect their economic interests in Latin America
Monroe Doctrine
President Monroe's foreign policy, created in 1823; the US would not allow Europe to intervene in the Americas; later allowed the US to gain economic influence in the region and build their own empire
isolationism
not participating in global affairs to protect one's self; what the US followed before the SPAM war and before WW2
collective security
working with other countries to influence world affairs
internationalism
intervening in other countries' affairs to promote important national interests and/or to safeguard national security
Woodrow Wilson
president of the US, succeeded William Taft, first Democratic president in ???? very long time, followed a policy of neutrality in WW1
Joseph Pulitzer
journalist who ran the New York World, proponent of yellow journalism
Note
Flashcard