Psychopathology Exam 3 - Chapters 8,9,11

What type of disorders is being described: experience chronic body symptoms that are distressing with dysfunctional thoughts, feeling & behaviors, patients have no control over symptoms, may be predisposed by past illness & dysfunctional thought

somatic symptom disorders

What percentage of doctor visits are due to patients with worries about health concerns even though there is no medical explanation for their symptoms?

20-50%

What is described as preoccupied with fears of contracting a serious illness or disease with the idea they have a disease even though they do not

hypochondriasis

What type of disorder involves the cycle of attention to bodily sensations, attribute sensations to illness, worry/ catastrophic thinking, help seeking

somatic symptom disorder

What is described as focus excessively on physical experiences, labelling physical sensations to symptoms which are more dangerous than they are

catastrophizing

What is the best treatment for somatic symptom disorder because it asses beliefs about illness & modifies interpretations of bodily sensations to be focused on?

CBT

What is disorder is described as having high anxiety about developing serious illness that is distressing and/ or disruptive with very few somatic symptoms for 6 months

illness anxiety disorder

What do people with somatic symptom disorder experience that people with illness anxiety disorder don't?

chronic body symptoms

What is the age of onset for illness anxiety disorder and somatic symptom disorder?

20 years old

What is the disorder that is now recognized from symptoms of hysteria?

conversion disorder

What disorder is described as presence of neurological symptoms in absence of neurological diagnosis - patient has symptoms affecting either sense of motor behavior with no cause

conversion disorder

What type of disorder can have these symptoms with no cause: partial blindness, deafness, limb shaking

conversion disorder

What was meant by la belle indifférence in the context of conversion disorder?

lack of concern about symptoms

Is la belle indifférence necessary to have conversion disorder?

no

What disorder is described as a person intentionally produces psychological or physical symptoms to obtain benefits from playing sick role - attention from family & medical professionals

factitious disorder

Do people with factitious disorder receive external rewards?

no

What is described as a person intentionally producing or grossly exaggerating their physical symptoms & is motivated by external incentives such as avoiding work, military or criminal prosecution

malingering

What is defined as person seeking medical help that has intentionally produced a medical or psychiatric illness in another person, normally their child

factitious disorder imposed on another

do people with conversion disorder consciously produce their symptoms

no

Does dissociation only occur in people with disorders?

no

what type of disorders are described as group of conditions involving disruptions in person's normally integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception

dissociative disorders

when does dissociation become pathological

disruptive, invoking attention & discontinuation of situation

what is described when individuals or objects are experienced as unreal, dreamlike, foggy, lifeless or visually distorted

derealization

what is described as a distorted sense of time, temporary loss of one's self and own reality & lowers someone's emotional experience

depersonalization

what is a dissociative disorder where derealization & depersonalization become recurrent & interfere with normal functioning

Depersonalization/ derealization disorder

What type of memory deals with personal experiences in time, place, emotions (first kiss, friends bday)

episodic

what type of memory deals with ideas, concepts, facts (grammar, algebra)

semantic

What is defined as a person that retreats from life problems by going into amnesic state, departs from home surroundings, confusion about personal identity or assumption of new identity

dissociative fugue

what is dissociative fugue a subtype of

dissociative amnesia

what is described as failure to recall previously stored personal information when that failure cannot be accounted for by ordinary forgetting

dissociative amnesia

What did dissociative identity disorder used to be called?

multiple personality disorder

what disorder is characterized by disruption of identity with 2 or more distinct personality states with recurrent episodes of amnesia - can be self reported or by others

dissociative identity disorder

What theory supports that DID starts from early child traumatization & reflects tempt to cope with overwhelming sense of hopelessness & powerlessness with traumatic abuse

trauma theory

What percent of people with DID report traumatic childhoods?

95%

What theory supports that DID develops when suggestible person learns to adopt and enact roles of multiple identities because clinicians have reinforced them bc these different identities are geared towards personal goals

Sociocognitive theory

What is cultural disorder is thought as a rage disorder when dissociative episodes lead to violent, aggressive or homicidal behavior

amok

Where did they ban excessively thin models?

France

What eating disorder has highest morbidity rate?

obesity

What is described as the pursuit of thinness that is relentless & involves behaviors that result in significant low body weight

anorexia nervosa

what type of anorexia involves limiting quantity of food consumed, caloric intake, eating slow, cutting food & is admired by those with EDs

Restricting anorexia

what type of anorexia is described as restrictive eating with binging & purging

binge eating/ purging anorexia

what is described as removing food people have eaten from their bodies ex. vomiting, use of diuretics, exercising & fasting

purge

What is described as uncontrollable binge eating & efforts to prevent resulting in weight gain by self induced vomiting or excessive exercise

bulimia nervosa

How often does binging & purging occur for someone with bulimia nervosa

once a week for 3 months

what is the difference between binge/ purge type anorexia & bulimia nervosa

anorexia has (extremely) low body weight

What disorder involves binge eating without purging

binge eating disorder

What is the most common eating disorder worldwide?

binge eating disorder

What is the 2nd highest cause of death in ED patients?

suicide

Do people with anorexia have low or high serotonin ?

low serotonin

Do people will bulimia have low, normal or high serotonin?

normal

What situation "causes" most eating disorders?

family dysfunction

Is it more likely to develop an ED for those related to someone with an ED?

Yes (11.4x more likely!)

Family members with ED have higher likelihood of developing what disorder

major depressive disorder

What is the main personality trait of someone with/ susceptible to eating disorder?

perfectionism

Do people with ED lose their perfectionism when in remission?

no

What is occurs during family therapy where therapist & parents work to have child eat healthy again, family meals are observed by therapist & family learns to become support system

refeeding phase

What disorders do people with bulimia nervosa also normally suffer from?

mood disorders

Do antidepressents help with bulumia?

yes

What country has most obesity?

US

Who experiences the most weight stigma

black women

What is a hormone that regulates energy by adjusting food intake & is produced by fat cells

leptin

Are obese people resistant to leptin?

yes

What is a hormone produced by stomach & is an appetite stimulator that falls after eating

ghrelin

What percentage of food intake increases as children watch cartoons with food advertisements?

45%

How can people curve obesity?

take 3 fewer bites, take stairs, sleep more

Does gastric bypass surgery stop people from weight gain?

no

What is the lifetime prevalence rate of alcohol use disorders in US?

30%

What is the term for scarring and stiffening of blood vessels in the liver from alcohol swelling and inflammation?

alcohol cirrhosis

What is described as alcohol impairing body's ability to utilize nutrients

Malnutrition

How does mesocorticolimbic dopamine pathway (MCLP) aid in drug use

produces pleasure and reinforcing properties

How many of those with alcohol use disorder have at least 1 parent with an alcohol problem

1/3

What do people with schizophrenia, anti social personality disorder, depressive disorder & PTSD all normally have a problem with?

excessive drinking

Do family dynamics play into getting an alcohol use disorder/ drinking problem?

yes

What percentage of college students have drank alcohol?

80% (50% binge drink)

What percentage of college students report experiencing academic problems as a result of drinking from missing class or poor grades

25%

Do Mormons & Muslims have high rates of alcoholism?

no

What is the percentage of people with alcohol use disorders that receive treatment for it?

30%

What drug causes violent vomiting when alcohol is ingested & can be given to prevent return to drinking

Antabuse

What reduces craving for alcohol by blocking the pleasure-producing effects of alcohol?

Antagonists

What type of therapy helps clients recognize their triggers, abstinent on not drinking again, learn to asses ability to relapse

relapse prevention therap

What drugs are most commonly associated with substance abuse & dependence

opiates

What are examples of opiates?

opium and heroin

What are drugs that produce psychologically stimulating & energizing effects sometimes used to curb appetites, treating narcolepsy, hyperactive children & fatigue

amphetamines