3.3- taxation without representation

representation

colonist were angry that they had no place in parliament

Britain responded by saying that parliament represents the interests of the empire

first set of acts passed after proclamation of 1763

sugar act 1764

quartering act 1765

stamp act 1765

sugar act 1764

stricter enforcement of navigation acts

placed taxes on foreign sugar

wanted to regulate sugar trade to increase revenue

quartering act 1765

required the colonists to provide food and housing to British soldiers stationed in the colonies

stamp act 1765

required the revenue stamps be placed on most printed paper

first direct tax paid by colonists themselves

wanted to raise money for British military in colonies

Patrick Henry

spoke in the House of Burgesses to demand the king to recognize the rights of the citizen

Stamp Acts Congress

representatives from 9 colonies came together and decided that only colonists’ own elected representatives had the authority to approve taxes

Sons and Daughters of Liberty

a secret society that intimidated tax agents and sometimes acted violently

boycotts

effected form of protest used by colonists against British products

caused British merchants to put pressure on Parliament to repal Stamp Act

Declatory Act

Parliament had the right to tax colonists and make laws whenever they wanted

made after the Stamp Act was repealed to reduce impact

Townshed Acts 1767

proposed by Charles Townshend

tax on colonist imports of tea, glass, and paper

revenue meant to pay for British officials in colonies (increased royal authority in the colonies)

writ of assistance

license to search anywhere

Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania

written by John Dickinson to argue that colonists must have representation if they are to be taxed

Massachusetts Circular Letter

written jointly by James Otis and Samuel Adams

urged colonists to petition Parliament to repeal the Townshend Acts

The British government tried to ban which only increased boycotting and smuggling

Lord Frederick North

the new prime minister who urged parliament to repeal the Townshend Acts

argued that they damaged trade and generated little revenue

ended the boycotts and ushered in a short 3 year period of peace

Boston Massacre

colonist harassed soldiers outside of customs house

soldiers shot into the crowd & killed 5

Most were acquitted after being represented in the trial by John Adams

the term ‘massacre’ increased anti-British feelings

Commitees of Correspondence

made by Samuel Adams

spread ideas the Britain was undermining colonial liberties

the Gaspee

British customs ship that caught smugglers

group of colonists disguised as Native Americans and set fire to the ship when it had run ashore

Boston Tea Party

* colonist boycotted British Tea
* The Tea Act (1773) made British East India Company Tea cheaper than smuggled Dutch tea
* Colonists still refused to buy the cheaper tea to reject the principle that Parliament could tax the colonists
* In retaliation, colonists disguised as Native Americans threw British East India Company tea into the Boston Harbor

Intolerable Acts

laws given in retaliation to the Boston Tea Party

composed of the Coercive Acts and Quebec Act

Coercive Acts (1774)

Port Act

Massachusetts Government Act

Administration of Justice Act

Quartering Act

Port Act

closed the port of Boston until the tea as paid for

Massachusetts Government Act

decreased the power of the Massachusetts government and increased the power of the crown

Administration of Justice Act

royal officials accused of crimes could be tried in Britain and not in colonies

Quartering Act

expanded so that British troops could live in private homes

Quebec Act 1774

organized Canadian lands gained from France

established Roman Catholicism as an official religion

resented by the 13 colonies because it invalidated claims that the colonies had made on the Ohio River Valley