media language

main vocab and explanations

Media Language

Media Language

The way the text has been constructed to create meaning

Representation

The way the text shows people, places, objects to create meaning and targets an audience

context is key to all representations they relate to the social-cultural contexts

characters and how they relate to the different audience demographics, socio-economic, and psychographics

Audience

Identifying who they are and how they have been targeted

codes and conventions of the genre like sci-fi and fantasy

narrative structure and theory: Propp, Todorov, Barthes codes

Industry

Who has made the text and how their values impact on creation

what does media laguage consist of

written text ,images, colours, fonts, positioning and graphics.

visual codes

Lighting and colour palette

Positioning-direct address

Setting and Locations

Facial Expressions and Body Language

Objects/props

Key images

Clothing, Hair and Make Up

written codes

Slogan/tagline

Typeface (typography) font

Headlines

Captions/anchorage

Style

Semantic field-choice of words-direct address

Emphasis of words

technical codes

Camera Angles

Framing (ELS, LS, MLS, MS, CU, ECU, POV)

Cropping-how things are edited

Juxtaposition

aspect of mise en scene

• Props

• Costumes

• Setting

• Lighting

• Hair and make up

Semiotics

the study of signs and symbols that help to give us meaning.

denotation

what is seen

connotation

what can be deducted from what is seen(association)

insititution

who made the media

conventions

what rules must be followed when the product are made

stereotype

a overgeneralised belief about a particular group of people or a category

why are stereotypes used

• they carry a lot of information quickly

• makes a character easy to understand

mainstream audience

has a big audience and appeals to all

niche

a small audience with a specific interest

why is the audience categorised

• meets the specific needs and desires of the audience

• engages the audience with the product

• allows you to get a clear message across

elements of designs and layouts

• size

• position

• foreground/background

three segments of the audience

• demographic

• psychographic

• socio-economic

demographic

• Age

• Gender

• Ethnicity

• Education

psychographic

• Personality

• Values/beliefs

• Attitudes

• Lifestyles

• Interests

socio-economic

• Income

• Education

• Occupation

• Geographical location

• Class

diegetic sound

These terms to the world of the characters in a story. The information available to any of these characters is diegetic. Diegetic sound includes all speech, music and any other sound which can be heard within the world of the characters.

non diegetic sound

sounds the audience can hear

Sound that is neither on the screen or features in the ‘world of the film’. Typically, non-diegetic sound will be sound effects or background music added to create mood and atmosphere.

franchise

A media franchise is a collection of linked media products derived from single original source. James Bond and Marvel Comic Universe are examples of film franchises. In business, including the media industries, a franchise is the authority given by a government or company to an organisation which is then permitted to make certain products or offer certain services.

5 of barthes codes

symbolic code

semantic code points to any element in a text that suggests a particular, often additional meaning by way of connotation.

cultural code ( a convention understood because ones surroundings ) in the uk east london is cultural code in the NHS advert

action code(something is gonna happen)

enigma (mystery)

propp’s characters

-damsel in distress

-dispatcher

-hero

-false hero

-villain

- donor

- helper

young and rubicam type of people (7)

the mainstreamer (fit in be social )

the explorer (new things new trends)

the aspirer (high status appearance and wealth)

the suceeder (ambitious and successfull)

the resigned (traditional and old fashioned veiws prejudices )

the struggler (works with escapism and indulges in bad habit and addictive tendencies )

the reformer ( authentic and honest experience and feels englightened to improve the world )

todorov 5 stages

equilibrium

disruption

recognition

repair

new equilibrium

conventions of tv adverts

• name of product

• celebrities/celebrity endorsement

• product as the solution to a problem

• voice over • slogan

• persuasive narrative

• music that supports the advertising message

• direct mode of address

• pack shot.

what is an active audience

• an audience that engages with media products

passive audience

Passive audience theories stress the power of the media to directly influence the ways in which audiences think or behave.

ASA

The ASA is a self-regulatory body set up by the advertising industry. It covers press releases, broadcast, film, and internet advertising as well as posters and leaflets. There are various codes for different media, produced by the Committee for Adverting Practice.

PEGI

Pan European Game Information – the organisation that judges what the age ratings should be for games. Produces guidance for consumers (mainly aimed at parents) so that they can decide if a game is suitable.

IPSO

magazine newspaper journalists

The Independent Press Standards Organisation is the independent regulator of the newspaper and magazine industry in the UK.

ofcom

office of communications regulate TV and radio

Ofcom regulates TV, radio, video-on-demand, phone and postal services. Ofcom promotes competition, protects the interests of consumers and enforces the rules that apply to different communication sectors.

BBFC

British Board of Film Classification – responsible for deciding the age classification and censorship of all films and video content released in the UK.

binary opposites

opposites anchor meaning in a text by levi strauss

4 types of narractive

linear

non-linear

single strand

multi strand

linear

starting at one point and ending at another including 1 plotline pacing chronologically . surrounded by idiots

non linear

includes flashback or different timing throughout . e.g harley quin

single strand

1 focused on one mc and plotline ice breaker

multistrand

focus on many characters like FRIENDS

verticle integration

monopolizing businesses within the industry from different sectors that includes marketing and production

horizintal integration

monopolising with a company in the same sector to eliminate competitors

conventions of newspaper

by line

masthead

lead

off lead

incentive

slogan

cross reference

stand first

strap line

splash head

conventions of sci fi

conflict between good and evil

futuristic technology

special effects

outer space

new technology

time travel

dystopian society

warn us against political issues

conventions of magazines

conventions of newspapers

• Mast-head: The title of the newspaper

• Splash: The lead story

• Standfirst: An introductory paragraph in an article, printed in larger or bolder type or in capitals, which summarises the article

• Off lead: Second most important story

• Byline: A line naming the writer of an article

• Standfirst: An introductory paragraph in an article, printed in larger or bolder type or in capitals, which summarises the article

• Pull quote: A key phrase or quotation taken from the main article

• Sidebar: a short article placed alongside a main article with extra information.

what is a type face and how does it differe to a font

type face:like a font family e.g family of serif fonts

font: specific font used in the font family e.g sans serif font

still and moving images

Still images are perceived as static. They're a single moment frozen in time. We can look at them for hours and hours and they will not change. Moving pictures are perceived as kinetic.

e.g an instagram photo isnt gonna change so its a still image

e.g(2) a gif or a video will change as you watch it therefore its a moving images

paidmium

A business strategy for apps that combines a low initial price with in app purchases.

paywall

A website with a paywall is fully or partially restricted to users who pay a subscription.