Untitled Flashcards Set

Andrew Jackson

A controversial president known for events like the Eaton Affair, Bank Wars, Trail of Tears, and founder of the Democratic Party.

Missouri Crisis

A conflict over Missouri's admission as a slave state, which would disrupt the balance of slave and free states in the U.S.

Tallmadge Amendment

Proposed by James Tallmadge, it called for the gradual emancipation of enslaved people in Missouri.

Henry Clay

Known as the 'Great Compromiser,' he proposed that Missouri enter as a slave state and Maine as a free state.

Missouri Compromise

An agreement allowing Missouri to enter as a slave state and Maine as a free state, highlighting the contentious issue of slavery.

Adams-Onís Treaty

Treaty that ceded Florida to the U.S. after Andrew Jackson invaded Spanish-held Florida.

Election of 1824

Andrew Jackson lost to John Quincy Adams in what was termed the 'corrupt bargain'.

Tariffs

Tariffs of 1824 and 1828 angered southern states, leading to the Nullification Crisis.

Nullification Crisis

Crisis sparked by South Carolina's refusal to pay tariffs, asserting states' rights to reject federal laws.

John C. Calhoun

Andrew Jackson's vice president who supported states' rights and authored the Nullification Ordinance.

Eaton Affair

Social scandal involving Peggy Eaton that caused turmoil in Jackson's cabinet.

Bank War

Political struggle over the existence of the Second Bank of the United States, culminating in Jackson's veto.

Panic of 1837

Economic recession triggered by the Bank War leading to widespread financial distress.

Whig Party

Political party formed by critics of Andrew Jackson who opposed his presidential policies.

William Henry Harrison

Whig presidential candidate known for his victory over Native Americans in 1812.

John Tyler

Vice President nominated by Whigs to appeal to southern voters, broke from Jackson over issues.

Freemasonry

A social organization with notable members including Jackson and Clay, linked to societal control fears.

Race and voting rights

By 1839, almost all states limited black voting, illustrating growing racial tensions.

Industrial Revolution

Period marked by technological advancements leading to an industrialized economy, especially in the North.

Market Revolution

Transition to a cash-based economy, resulting in increased social class distinctions and sectionalism.

Transportation Revolution

Advancements in transportation, like railroads and canals, that facilitated the Market Revolution.

Erie Canal

A critical waterway that linked New York with the Great Lakes, boosting trade and commerce.

Steamboat

Technological advancement that improved transportation of goods and people over water.

Railroads

Key advancement in transportation that connected cities and facilitated economic growth.

Telegraph

Created by Samuel Morse, it allowed for instant communication across long distances.

Gradual abolition

Movement towards the ending of slavery, supported by abolitionists such as Quakers.

Cotton gin

Invention that revolutionized the cotton industry and perpetuated the reliance on slavery in the South.

European immigration

Significant waves of immigrants, particularly Irish and Germans, seeking opportunities in America.

Nativism

Belief in the superiority of native-born Americans over immigrants, often leading to political movements.

Know-Nothing Party

Political party arising from nativism that briefly held power before declining due to the Civil War.

Child labor

Exploitation of children in factories, highlighting the stark divide between rich and poor.

Antebellum

Referring to the period before the Civil War, from 1800 to 1861.

Education

Reforms in public education and kindergarten initiated largely due to German immigrant influence.