Mechanics - Work, Energy and Power
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18 Terms
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Work
defined as the product of force and displacement
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W = F x s
Work = Force x Displacement
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Unit of work
Joule (J)
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Energy
the ability to do work
OR
the amount of energy something has is also the amount of work it can do
OR
the amount of energy something has is also the amount of work it can do
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Work Energy Principle
The change in the energy of an object is equal to the work done on the object
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Kinetic Energy
energy an object has due to its motion
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Kinetic energy formula
Ek = 1/2 mv ^2
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Potential energy
energy an object has due to its position in a force field
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Potential energy formula
Ep = mgh
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Strain potential energy
when a force is applied to an elastic body so it changes shape. Work done by force becomes stored as strain potential energy
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Gravitational potential energy
the energy a body has because it can fall to a lower level due to its weight.
The higher it is above ground, the more work it can do and greater potential energy it has
The higher it is above ground, the more work it can do and greater potential energy it has
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Principle of Conservation of Energy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed but can only be converted from one form to another
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loss in potential energy = gain in kinetic energy
gh = 1/2 v^2
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Collisions
when two objects collide momentum is conserved provided no external forces act on the system
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Is kinetic energy conserved?
No - some of it can be converted to sound and heat energy
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Power
The rate at which work is done
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The rate at which energy is converted
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The rate at which energy is converted
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Power formula
P = work done/ time
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energy converted / Time
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energy converted / Time
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Percentage efficiency formula
Power out / power in x 100/1
Note 
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