Glossary of dental terminology

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123 Terms

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Erosion
________: Wearing down of tooth structure, caused by chemical (acids)
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Molars
________: The three teeth in each dental quadrant used for grinding food.
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Amalgam
________: A most common filling material, containing mercury, silver, tin, copper, and zinc.
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Analgesia
________: A state of pain relief or an agent that lessens pain.
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Malignant
________: Having the properties of dysplasia, invasion, and metastasis.
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Graft
________: A piece of tissue or alloplastic material placed in contact with tissue to repair a defect or supplement a deficiency.
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Prophylaxis
________: Cleaning of the teeth for the prevention of periodontal disease and tooth decay.
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Periodontal
________: Pertaining to the supporting and surrounding tissue of the teeth.
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Allergy
________: Unfavorable systemic response to a foreign substance or drug.
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Bilateral
________: Occurring on, or pertaining to, both right and left sides.
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Jaw
________: A common name for either the maxilla or the mandible.
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Bruxism
________: Grinding or gnashing of teeth, most commonly while the patient is asleep.
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Occlusion
________: The relationship of the upper and lower teeth upon closure.
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tooth structure
Filling: Restoring of lost ________ by using materials such as metal, alloys, plastic, or porcelain.
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Laminate
________: A thin plastic or porcelain veneer produced in a dental laboratory and then bonded to a tooth.
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Inlay
________: An indirect filling made by a dental laboratory that is cemented or bonded into place.
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Mastication
________: The process of chewing food.
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Onlay
________: A laboratory- produced restoration covering one or more cusps of a tooth.
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Plaque
________: A soft sticky substance that accumulates on teeth and is composed of bacteria and food debris due to inadequate dental hygiene.
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Enamel
________: Hard calcified tissue covering the dentin of the crown of the tooth.
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Arch
________: Term used to refer to the arrangement of teeth on upper and lower jaws, that together constitute the dentition.
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Gingivitis
________: The inflammation of gum tissue.
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Abrasion
________: Tooth wear caused by forces other than chewing such as holding objects between the teeth or improper brushing.
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Calculus
________: Hard deposit of mineralized material adhering to crowns and /or roots of teeth.
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Excision
________: Surgical removal of bone or tissue.
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Jacket
________: The crown for a front tooth, usually made of porcelain used to cover all surfaces of the clinical crown.
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Implant
________: Material inserted or grafted into tissue.
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Extraction
________: The process of removing a tooth or a tooth parts.
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Apex
________: The tip of the root of a tooth.
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Orthodontics
________: A dental specialty that treats misalignment of teeth.
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Cavity
________: Decay in the tooth caused by caries; also referred to as a carious lesion.
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Dentin
________: The part of the tooth that is beneath the enamel and cementum.
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Local Anesthesia
________: The loss of pain sensation over a specific area of the anatomy without loss of consciousness.
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Malocclusion
________: Improper alignment of biting or chewing surfaces of upper and lower teeth.
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Apicoectomy
________: Removal of the tip of a tooth root.
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Biopsy
________: Process of removing tissue for histologic evaluation.
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Periodontitis
________: Inflammation and loss of the connective tissue of the supporting or surrounding structure of teeth with loss of attachment.
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Abutment
________: A tooth (or implant) that supports a dental prosthesis.
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Overdenture
________: A denture that fits over residual roots or dental implants.
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Pathology
________: The study of disease.
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Palate
________: The hard and soft tissues forming the roof of the mouth that separates the oral and nasal cavities.
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Crown
________: The portion of a tooth above the gum line.
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Decay
________: Destruction of tooth structure caused by toxins produced by bacteria.
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Cementum
________: Hard connective tissue covering the tooth root.
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Cusp
________: The pointed portion of the tooth.
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Prognosis
________: The anticipated outcome of treatment.
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Periapical
________ (PA): The region at the end of the roots of teeth.
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Diastema
________: A space between the teeth.
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Full denture
________: A removable dental prosthesis (appliance) that replaces all upper and lower teeth.
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Impression
________: A mold made of the teeth and soft tissues.
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Abrasion
Tooth wear caused by forces other than chewing such as holding objects between the teeth or improper brushing
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Abutment
A tooth (or implant) that supports a dental prosthesis
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Local Anesthesia
The loss of pain sensation over a specific area of the anatomy without loss of consciousness
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Apicoectomy
Removal of the tip of a tooth root
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Arch
Term used to refer to the arrangement of teeth on upper and lower jaws, that together constitute the dentition
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Apex
The tip of the root of a tooth
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Allergy
Unfavorable systemic response to a foreign substance or drug
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Alveolar Bone
The jaw bone that anchors the roots of teeth
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Amalgam
A most common filling material, containing mercury, silver, tin, copper, and zinc
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Analgesia
A state of pain relief or an agent that lessens pain
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Bicuspid
A premolar tooth, a tooth with two cusps
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Bilateral
Occurring on, or pertaining to, both right and left sides
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Bite
Relationship of the upper and lower teeth on closure (occlusion)
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Bruxism
Grinding or gnashing of teeth, most commonly while the patient is asleep
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Biopsy
Process of removing tissue for histologic evaluation
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Bleaching
A cosmetic dental procedure that whitens the teeth using a bleaching solution
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Bonding
It refers to how a filling, orthodontic appliance, or some fixed partial dentures are attached to teeth
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Calculus
Hard deposit of mineralized material adhering to crowns and/or roots of teeth
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Cavity
Decay in the tooth caused by caries; also referred to as a carious lesion
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Cementum
Hard connective tissue covering the tooth root
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Composite
A dental restorative material made up of separate parts
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Crown
The portion of a tooth above the gum line
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Crown
A dental restoration covering all or most of the natural tooth
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Cusp
The pointed portion of the tooth
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Caries
Commonly used term for tooth decay
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Decay
Destruction of tooth structure caused by toxins produced by bacteria
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Dentin
The part of the tooth that is beneath the enamel and cementum
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Denture
An artificial substitute for natural teeth and adjacent tissues
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Denture Base
The part of the denture that holds the artificial teeth and fits over the gum
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Direct Restoration
A restoration fabricated inside the mouth
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Diastema
A space between the teeth
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Enamel
Hard calcified tissue covering the dentin of the crown of the tooth
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Erosion
Wearing down of tooth structure, caused by chemical (acids)
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Extraction
The process of removing a tooth or a tooth parts
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Eyeteeth
The four upper and lower canine teeth
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Excision
Surgical removal of bone or tissue
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Filling
Restoring of lost tooth structure by using materials such as metal, alloys, plastic, or porcelain
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Full denture
A removable dental prosthesis (appliance) that replaces all upper and lower teeth
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Gingiva
Gum tissue
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Gingivectomy
The surgical removal of gum tissue
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Gingivitis
The inflammation of gum tissue
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Graft
A piece of tissue or alloplastic material placed in contact with tissue to repair a defect or supplement a deficiency
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Impacted Tooth
An unerupted or partially erupted tooth that is positioned against another tooth, bone, or soft tissue, so that complete eruption is unlikely
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Implant
Material inserted or grafted into tissue
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Inlay
An indirect filling made by a dental laboratory that is cemented or bonded into place
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Interproximal
Between the teeth
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Intraoral
Inside the mouth
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Impression
A mold made of the teeth and soft tissues
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Jaw
A common name for either the maxilla or the mandible
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Jacket
The crown for a front tooth, usually made of porcelain used to cover all surfaces of the clinical crown