unit 6 vocab #1

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developmental psychology

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20 Terms

1

developmental psychology

a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span

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2

zygote

the fertilized egg; it enters a 2-week period of rapid cell division and develops into an embryo

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3

accommodation

adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information

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4

assimilation

interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas

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5

conservation

the principle (which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects

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6

concrete operational stage

in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events

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7

egocentrism

in Piaget's theory, the preoperational child's difficulty taking another's point of view

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8

embryo

the developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month

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9

fetus

the developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth

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10

formal operational stage

in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (normally beginning about age 12) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts

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11

habituation

decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation. As infants gain familiarity with repeated exposure to a visual stimulus, their interest wanes and they look away sooner.

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12

maturation

biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience

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13

object permanence

the awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived

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14

preoperational stage

in Piaget's theory, the stage (from about 2 to 6 or 7 years of age) during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic

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15

sensorimotor stage

in Piaget's theory, the stage (from birth to about 2 years of age) during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities

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16

schema

a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information

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17

stranger anxiety

the fear of strangers that infants commonly display, beginning by about 8 months of age

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18

theory of mind

people's ideas about their own and others' mental states—about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts, and the behaviors these might predict.

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19

teratogens

(literally, "monster maker") agents, such as chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm

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20

ASD

a disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by significant deficiencies in communication and social interaction, and by rigidly fixated interests and repetitive behaviors

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