Creatinine, Uric Acid, BUN, and Ammonia

Oxidation of creatine

It is completely filtered by the glomeruli

High serum levels result from reduced glomerular filtration

Creatinine clearance = U/P × V × 1.73/A

The patient empties his or her bladder at the start of the test and adds the urine to the collection

Serum creatinine, age, gender, race

Cystatin C

Sarcosine oxidase

Saturated picric acid and sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

Measuring the timed rate of product formation

Cystatin C is measured immunochemically

After renal transplantation

The fluid is urine from accidental puncture of the urinary bladder

Urinary microalbumin

The catabolism of proteins and amino acids

2.14

BUN is elevated in prerenal as well as renal failure

Prerenal failure

Nitrogen balance

The timed rate of increase in conductivity

Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLD)

NAD+

Phenylalanine hydroxylase

Fanconi syndrome

Maple syrup urine disease

Citrullinemia

MS/MS

Hepatic coma

2-oxogluterate/NADH

Hepatic coma can result from Reye syndrome

Stasis of blood in the line caused increased ammonia

Catabolism of purines

Renal failure

Levels above 10 mg/dL cause urinary tract calculi

Uricase coupled to the Trinder reaction