Social and Cognitive Factors in Learning

Very self-explanatory title

Observational Learning

just by watching others, we can learn to anticipate a behavior’s consequences

Modeling

the process of watching and imitating a specific behaviors

trial, error

imagine not being able to learn by watching others, we’d have to do everything through ? and ? in life

Vicarious Reinforcement

Watching others recieve reinforcement for their behavior tends to make you feel motivated to imitate their behavior

Vicarious Punishment

Watching another person receive punishment for their behavior tends to make you feel less motivated to imitate their behavior

similar, successful

We like to learn from people who are ? to us, ?, and admirable

prosocial, antisocial

children tend to imitate models regardless of whether the behavior is ? or ?

Prosocial

positive, constructive, and helpful behaviors

Antisocial

negative, destructive, and unhelpful behaviors

consistent

modeling is most effective when actions/words are ?

Theory of mind

young children’s brains show capacity for empathy and the ability to infer another person’s mental state

frontal lobe, mirror

the brain’s ? has the ability to ? the activity of another’s brain

Mirror Neurons

frontal lobe neurons that are believed to fire when performing certain actions or observing others performing them

Biofeedback

a therapeutic technique that uses visual/auditory feedback to gain control over usually involuntary bodily functions like heart rate, tension, and blood flow

• teach the patient how to control and relax their body