Studied by 8 people
Caries of pit fissures origin
Caries of enamel-smooth surface origin
Root-surface caries
According to their anatomical site
Backward Caries
Forward Caries
Based on Pathway of Caries Speed
Backward Caries
When spread of caries along dentinoenamel junction (DEJ) exceeds the adjacent caries in enamel.
Forward Caries
Caries cone in enamel is larger or at least the same size as that in dentin (pit & fissure caries)
Primary Caries
Residual Caries
Secondary Caries
According to whether it is a NEW LESION or RECURRENT CARIOUS LESION
Primary Caries
Lesions on unrestored surface;
Original carious lesion of the tooth
Residual Caries
Caries that is not removed during restorative procedure, either by accident, neglect or intention
Secondary Caries (recurrent)
Occurs at the junction of a restoration and the tooth and may progress under restoration.
Incipient Caries
Cavitated Caries
Extent of Caries
Incipient Caries
First evidence of caries activity in the enamel
Consists if demineralized enamel which has NOT extended to DEJ.
This lesion can be remineralized by proper preventive procedures.
Cavitated Caries (non-reversible)
The enamel surface is broken & usually the lesion has advanced into dentin.
Acute
Chronic
Rampant
Rate of Caries
Acute Caries
Is when the disease is rapid in damaging the tooth.
Usually in the form of many, soft, light-colored lesions in a mouth and is infectious.
Chronic Caries (Slow/Arrested)
Slowly progressing long-standing caries.
Lesions is hard in consistency & dark-colored.
Rampant Caries
Multiple carious lesions occurring in the same patient, frequently involving surfaces of teeth that are usually caries free
Early Childhood
Bottle/Nursing
Xerostomia Induced Rampant
3 types of rampant caries
Early Childhood Caries
Used to described dental caries present in the primary dentition of young children
Bottle or Nursing Caries
Used to describe a particular form of rampant caries in the primary dentition of infants and young children.
The clinical pattern is characteristics, with the four (4) maxillary deciduous incisors most severely affected.
Radiation Rampant Caries
Commonly observed that after radiotherapy of malignant areas of or near the salivary glands because of radiotherapy salivary flow is very much reduced.
Simple Caries
Compound Caries
Complex Caries
Cavities according to the number of surface involved
Simple Caries
Caries involving only one (1) tooth surface
Compound Caries
Two (2) surfaces are involved
Complex Caries
More than two surface are involved
Abrasion
Erosion
Attrition
Abfraction
Non-carious tooth defects terminology
Abrasion
Abnormal tooth surface loss resulting from direct friction forces between the teeth and external objects or from frictional forces between contacting teeth components in the presence of abrasive medium
a. IMPROPER TOOTH BRUSHING TECHNIQUES
b. HABITS - holding pipe stem by the teeth
c. TOBACCO CHEWING
d. Use of toothpicks
Toothbrush Abrasion
Sharp, V-shaped notch in the gingival portion of the facial aspect of the teeth
LOSS of TOOTH STRUCTURE at site of wear
POSSIBLE SENSITIVITY
Clinical Features of toothbrush abrasion
Repetitive mechanical habit:
Using a HARD TOOTHBRUSH
IMPROPER TOOTHBRUSHING TECHNIQUE along the gumline
GRINDING or CHEWING HARD objects or food
Etiology of toothbrush abrasion
Prevention:
RESTORATION
FLUORIDE APPLICATIONS
TOOTH-COLORED BONDING
Treatment of toothbrush abrasion
Once the GUMS begin to recede:
ROOT SURFACES become EXPOSED
SENSITIVITY to HOT & COLD temperatures soon follow.
Prognosis of toothbrush abrasion
Well-defined horizontal radiolucency
On a dental radiograph, toothbrush abrasion appears as ________ along the cervical region of the tooth
HARD, HIGHLY DEFECT
Clinically, The areas affected by abrasion appear as _________________ in dentin and should NOT be confused with root caries that appears brown and leathery.
Erosion
Progressively loss of dentin tissue by chemical means not involving bacterial actions;
The wear or loss of tooth surface by chemicomechanical action.
Regurgitation of stomach acids
Habitual sucking of lemons
Attrition
Mechanical wear of the incisal or occlusal surface as a result of FUNCTIONAL or PARAFUNCTIONAL MOVEMENTS of the mandible.
Affects proximal contact areas.
Abfraction
Microfractures occur as the cervical of the tooth flexes under loads.
Wedge-shaped notching at cervical areas of involved teeth.
Adults
Clinical features of abfraction
Biochemical forced on teeth
Etiology of Abfraction
Once the enamel is gone, then dentin is exposed & the teeth are more susceptible to decay, sensitivity and more wearing down
Prognosis of Abfraction
FALSE. It is different
TRUE OR FALSE. Is abfraction the same with toothbrush abrasion?
Overbrushing with a hard bristle toothbrush
Toothbrush abrasion is caused by
Excessive pressure applied to the teeth by severe bruxing habits.
Abfraction is caused by
Notch
Toothbrush abrasion tends to ________ in the tooth surface just above the gumline
Dished out
Abfraction tends be a ______________ defect
Fractures
Incomplete fracture not directly involving vital pulp → GREENSTICK FRACTURE
Complete fracture not involving the vital pulp
Fracture involving vital pulp
Non-hereditary enamel hypoplasia
Occurs when the ameloblasts are injured during enamel formation
Seen on anterior teeth and first molars; opaque white or light brown areas with smooth intact hard surface.
Amelogenesis Imperfecta
Enamel is defective either in form or calcification as a result of heredity
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
Hereditary condition in which dentin is defective.
Class I
Carious lesion that are located in Pits & fissures of the occlusal surfaces of molars and premolars
Occlusal 2/3 of the buccal & lingual surfaces of molars, and + lingual surface of anterior teeth
Class II
Carious lesions that are located on the PROXIMAL SURFACES of the premolars & molars
Class III
Carious lesions that are located in the PROXIMAL SURFACES of anterior teeth that do NOT involved the incisal angle
Class IV
Carious lesions that are located on the PROXIMAL SURFACES of anterior teeth that involving the incisal angle.
Class V
Carious lesions that are located on the GINGIVAL 1/3 of facial & lingual surface of anterior & posterior teeth.
Class VI
Cavities on the INCISAL EDGES and CUSPS TIPS
Note 
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