World Regions in Global Context Master Note

Regionalization

________: process of making new global connections that allows or causes world regions to change.

Capitalism

________: social and economic organization characterized by the profit motive and individual and corporate ownership of goods and resources.

World regions

________ are shaped as the environment influences opportunities for societies, but also as people transform the environment.

Kyoto Protocol

________ 1997: cosigners agreed to reduce green gas emissions by 5 % between 2008 and 2012.

Geography

________- In Greek, geo means "earth "and- graphy means "to write.

Silk Roads

The ________: network of maritime and land routes through South Asia and Southeast Asia, crossing Central Asia subcontinent, the Russian steppes, the Iranian and Anatolian plateaus, etc.

Industrial revolution

________: early 19th century rapid development of mechanized manufacturing.

NATO

________ was established in 1949: military alliance by the US, Canada, France, UK, and eight other European countries in the context of the Cold War, their key principle is collective defense against the Soviet Union.

strong influence

Exerts ________ on peoples physical well- being, opportunities, and lifestyle choices.

IPCC

________- Intergovernmental panel on climate change.

Nation

________: a group of people sharing common elements of culture, such as language and religion.

Environmental characteristics

________ that are studied by Physical geographers, and other Earth scientists, study the environmental characteristics of places including rainfall, temperature, vegetation, soils, wildlife, geology, and landforms.

National identity

________ sometimes compels people to defend the nation and to further the objectives of the state.

Physical geography

________: climate, weather patterns, landforms, soil formation, and plant and animal ecology.

Climate

________: average weather or typical conditions of temperature, precipitation, and other weather variables at a location over the longer term.

Globalization

________: system of elements-- political, economic, sociocultural, environmental- linked together so that changes in one element often result in changes in another.

social organization

Communism: form of economic and ________ characterized by the common ownership of industry, transportation, agricultural land, other key resources.

Weather

________: current state of temperature and precipitation at a particular time and place.

Environmental geography

________: The study of relationships between humans and the natural and built environments in which they live.

Geographers

________ explore both the physical properties of Earths surface and the human societies spread across it.

Regionalism

________: describes the strong feeling of collective identity often shared by people who inhabit a region with distinctive characteristics.

national identity

Ultimately, a(n) ________ is built on a common sense of history, geography, and purpose.

World regions

________ are an aggregation of places and connections that develop between those places over time.

Regionalization

Relationship between ________ and Globalization: Globalization becomes an engine of regionalization and regional differences can contribute to globalization.

Lecture 1

Introduction

Geography

In Greek, geo means "earth" and -graphy means "to write"

Geography

study of places and relationships between people and their environments

Physical geography

climate, weather patterns, landforms, soil formation, and plant and animal ecology

Human geography

The spatial organization of human activity and how humans make Earth into a home

Environmental Geography

connects physical and human geography

Environmental geography

The study of relationships between humans and the natural and built environments in which they live

Geographic definition of Place

Is dynamic, with changing properties and fluid boundaries the product of a wide variety of environmental and human factors

A Sense of place

feeling resulting from the experiences and memories a person or people associate with a place and to the symbolism they attach to that place

Regions

connections that emerge between and among places over time

Regionalism

describes the strong feeling of collective identity often shared by people who inhabit a region with distinctive characteristics

Regionalization

process of making new global connections that allows or causes world regions to change

Relationship between Regionalization and Globalization

Globalization becomes an engine of regionalization and regional differences can contribute to globalization

ENVIRONMENT, SOCIETY AND SUSTAINABILITY

The environment is the physical and ecological setting for human activities and is critical to the study of world regions

Weather

current state of temperature and precipitation at a particular time and place

Climate

average weather or typical conditions of temperature, precipitation, and other weather variables at a location over the longer term

IPCC

Intergovernmental panel on climate change

United Nations Framework on Climate Change

1992

Kyoto Protocol 1997

cosigners agreed to reduce green gas emissions by 5% between 2008 and 2012

Paris Agreement 2015

keep global warming under 2°C by 2020

The Silk Roads

network of maritime and land routes through South Asia and Southeast Asia, crossing Central Asia subcontinent, the Russian steppes, the Iranian and Anatolian plateaus, etc

Cabot

1497

Vasco da Gama

1497

Cabral

1500

Magellan and del Cano

1519

Da Verrazano

1524

Hudson

1609

Industrial revolution

early 19th century rapid development of mechanized manufacturing

Capitalism

social and economic organization characterized by the profit motive and individual and corporate ownership of goods and resources

Communism

form of economic and social organization characterized by the common ownership of industry, transportation, agricultural land, other key resources

Cold War

1946-1991, a fight over these systems

Regional relations from the Cold War

Western Europe became economically integrated with the US and Canada, whereas Eastern Europe was more tightly linked to Russia and parts of Asia

NATO was established in 1949

military alliance by the US, Canada, France, UK, and eight other European countries in the context of the Cold War, their key principle is collective defense against the Soviet Union

Warsaw Pact

in the east, Soviet Union + seven European satellite states (Albania, Poland, Romania, Hungary, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, and Bulgaria)

Four types of economical activity

Primary (extractive, raw materials), Secondary (manufacturing, finished goods), Tertiary (services, retail, communication), and Quaternary (education, public sector, research and development)

Sovereign state

exercises power over a territory and people and is recognized by other states

Nation

a group of people sharing common elements of culture, such as language and religion