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Where can microbiology specimens be collected?
Microbiology specimens can be collected from various body areas such as throat, urine, blood, stool, and wounds.
What are the common specimens collected for culture?
Throat swabs, urine, blood, stool, and respiratory specimens are common for culture.
What are the sterile areas of the body that lack microbiota?
Sterile areas include the bloodstream, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and certain body cavities.
Why do we collect throat specimens?
To test for Strep throat caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
Where should the label go when collecting specimens and what must be recorded?
The label should go on the container, recording patient information, specimen source, and date/time.
What is the importance of writing the site of the specimen on the container?
It helps identify the origin of the specimen for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Is refrigeration effective for anaerobic organisms, CSF, or genital cultures if specimens cannot be cultured immediately?
No, these specimens should be stored at room temperature.
What are the characteristics of group A streptococcus?
Group A streptococcus is typically beta-hemolytic, spherical, and can cause pharyngitis and skin infections.
What is the common microorganism responsible for UTI and its characteristics?
Escherichia coli, a gram-negative rod, is commonly responsible for UTIs.
What type of urine specimen is collected for culture and sensitivity (C&S)?
A clean-catch midstream urine specimen is collected for C&S.
What culture media should urine specimens be inoculated on?
Urine specimens should be inoculated on media such as MacConkey agar and blood agar.
What is a colony count and its clinical significance?
A colony count measures the number of bacteria in a culture; counts over 100,000 CFU/mL are typically significant for infection.
What are the requirements for collecting respiratory specimens like sputum?
Collect the specimen in the morning, after deep coughing, in a sterile container.
How can we tell if the sputum specimen is acceptable?
An acceptable sputum specimen has fewer than 10 squamous epithelial cells per low power field.
What is clostridium difficile?
Clostridium difficile is a bacterium that can cause severe diarrhea and colitis, commonly associated with antibiotic use.
What can you detect from fecal specimens?
Fecal specimens can detect pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites.
What is the best method for finding pinworm organisms in children?
The tape test, where clear tape is applied to the anal area to collect eggs.
What does O&P stand for?
O&P stands for Ova and Parasites.
What is the fixative found in the jar for O&P stool?
The fixative is typically formalin.
What containers can stool for O&P be collected in?
Stool for O&P can be collected in containers with preservative or in a clean, dry container.
What is the flotation technique and what solutions are used?
The flotation technique uses sugar or salt solutions to separate parasites from fecal material.
What is the sedimentation method?
The sedimentation method concentrates parasites by allowing fecal material to settle and collecting the sediment.
What should be reviewed regarding blood cultures?
Blood cultures are essential for detecting bloodstream infections and must be collected using aseptic techniques.
What is the most critical part of blood culture collection?
Proper aseptic technique during skin preparation and collection is the most critical part.