Unit 5 History Test

Guerilla

Army that uses surprise attacks and sabotage

Nationalism

An intense pride in one's homeland

Self-determination

Idea that people who belong to a nation should have their own country

Allies

The Triple Entente: France, Russia, and Great Britain

Central Powers

The Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria

Propaganda

Information designed to influence opinions

U-boats

The German submarines

Conscription

Forced military service

War Industries Board

Coordinated the production of war materials

Victory Gardens

Citizen gardens planted to save food for troops

Committee on Public Information (CPI)

Tried to "sell" the war to American people

Espionage

Spying to acquire secret government information

No Man's Land

A barren landscape between two opposing trenches

Convoy

Groups of ships escorted across the Atlantic Ocean

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

German-Russian treaty ending Russia's participation in WWI

Armistice

A cease fire that ends war

Fourteen Points

President Wilson's plan for the post-war world

League of Nations

An organization set up to preserve peace and prevent future wars

Treaty of Versailles

The terms of peace with Germany

Reparations

War damage compensation paid to the allied nations

General Strike

A strike involving workers living in a certain location

Red Scare

A fear of communism spreading to the U.S.

Deport

Expelling somebody from the country

Pancho Villa

Mexican bandit who attacked Columbus, New Mexico

Franz Ferdinand

Heir to the A-H throne, assassinated in Sarajevo

John Pershing

Led an expedition to capture Villa, later led to the U.S. forces into WWI

Woodrow Wilson

Served as president during WWI

Harry Garfield

Introduced Daylight Savings Time to save energy during the war

Doughboys

A nickname for American soldiers

Bolsheviks

A group of communists fighting for control of Russia

Vladimir Lenin

Leader of the Bolsheviks party

David Lloyd George

British prime minster during WWI

George Clemenceau

French premier during WWI

Vittorio Orlando

Italian prime minister during WWI

A. Mitchell Palmer

U.S. attorney general who was bombed by communists, led to raids on foreigners

J. Edgar Hoover

Head of the FBI who attacked the communists

Calvin Coolidge

Became president during the post-war years, return to normalcy

4 causes of WWI

1) Nationalism
2) Imperialism
3) Militarism
4) Alliance System

How did war begin in the Balkan region?

Franz Ferdinand was assassinated; the region was known as the "powder keg" of Europe

What type of war was fought in WWI?

Trench warfare

Zimmerman Note

A telegram from the German foreign minister to the German ambassador in Mexico, proposed an alliance

4 new weapons used in WWI

1) Machine gun
2) Tank
3) Poison gas
4) Airplane

How was propaganda used in WWI?

Used posters to advertise joining the army, saving food, having a role in the war somehow, etc.

2 of Wilson's 14 points:

No secret treaties, less colonialism

2 parts of the Treaty of Versailles:

Established 9 new nations, broke up the Ottoman empire and the Austria-Hungary empire

Weaknesses of the Treaty of Versailles

The harsh treatment of Germany, humiliated Germans, and Germany would never be able to pay back $33 billion

Italy: Ally, Central Power or Neutral?

Ally

Spain: Ally, Central Power or Neutral?

Neutral

Austria-Hungary: Ally, Central Power or Neutral?

Central Power

United Kingdom: Ally, Central Power or Neutral?

Ally

Russia: Ally, Central Power or Neutral?

Ally

Mexico would've been given what from the proposed alliance with Germany?

Land/lost territory

German war plan that called for the invasion of Belgium

Schlieffen Plan

Great Migration

Movement of African-Americans to northern cities

Battle of the Somme

Battle that totaled about 1 million casualties, leading about 7 miles

From what nation was Gavrilo Princip, the duke who assassinated Franz Ferdinand, from?

Serbia

Leading into WWI, what warship sank on May 7, 1915?

Lusitania

Liberty Bonds

Allowed Americans to loan money to the government