Islam Quiz

sharīʿa

islamic law guiding muslims to lead moral lives, derived from the Quran and Hadiths

fiqh

the human understanding and application of Islamic law (Sharia), derived from the Quran and Sunnah to provide practical legal rulings for daily life

madhhab

an Islamic school of legal thought, or school of fiqh, that provides a structured, scholarly framework for interpreting the Quran and Sunnah to guide daily life

4 major schools in Sunni Islam: Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, and Hanbali

imam

founded the schools of islamic law

sura

a chapter or section of the Qur'an

Ayah

literally meaning "sign," "miracle," or "evidence," refers to the individual, numbered verses that constitute the chapters (surahs) of the Quran

hadith

accounts of things the prophet said, did, things that happened around him, or the gist of God’s word,s but not backed by the Quran

• they were gathered after the prophet’s death and can be sound or not

• consists of matn and isnad

matn

actual text or content of a hadith

isnad

chain of transmission that proves whether or not a hadith is authentic or sound

Islam as an “Abrahamic Religion”

the religions that derived from Abraham, continuation of judaism and christianity

5 pillars of Islam

1. there is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his messenger

2. Tax

3. 5 prayers a day

4. fast during Ramadan from sunup to sundown

5. pilgrimage to Mecca if you are able

Mecca

holiest city in Islam, where Muhammad was born and where he first received revelations from God (where Islam began)

Medina

Second holiest city in Islam where Muhammad established the first ummah (Muslim community) after his migration from Mecca

Hijra

the immigration from Mecca to Medina, the beginning of the Muslim calander

Abū Bakr

the first caliph

Caliph

the chief Muslim civil and religious ruler, regarded as the successor of Muhammad

• 4 main successors after Muhammad:

  • Abu Bakūr

  • Umar

  • Uthman

  • Ali

sīra

biography of the Prophet

sunnah

practices, teachings, traditions of the Prophet Muhammad

Hanafi

Founded by Imam Abu Hanifa, known for placing emphasis on reason and personal opinion in legal reasoning.

Maliki

Founded by Imam Malik ibn Anas, focusing heavily on the practices of the people of Medina.

Shafi'i

Founded by Imam al-Shafi'i, known for a systemized approach to using evidence.

Hanbali

Founded by Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, emphasizing the most direct reliance on Quranic texts and Hadith.

imān

belief (in god, his angels, books, messenger, last day, etc)

ihsān

perfection (do what is beautiful, best, perfect)

• sufism

the hour

signs the apocalypse is near

Sufism

the inward, mystical dimension of Islam focused on purifying the heart, divine love, and direct personal experience of God

ummah

Muslim community