BIO101 Ch. 9

Cell cycle is

asexual reproduction

Cell cycle stages

Interphase & Mitotic stage

Stages of Interphase

G0, G1, S, & G2

G0 stage

all normal fuctions occur cell is neither dividing nor preparing to divide; some cell enter this stage and never leave

G1 stage

growth in nucleus and other organelles; prep for S stage

S stage

all of the cells DNA is replicated

G2 stage

synthesizes proteins for cell division; prep for mitosis

Mitotic stages

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase & Cytokinesis

Prophase

nuclear envelope is broken down, cytoskeleton is broken down & replaced with spindle fibers, chromosome are winded up; once sister chromatid are lined up prophase ends

Animal cell Prophase

Centriole are replicated and moved to opposite sides of the cell (asters) and attach spindle fibers

Metaphase

alignment of sister chromatids; when they start to separate metaphase ends

Anaphase

Sister chromatids are separated from the pull of the spindle fibers becoming daughter chromosomes, movement forms a bend in chromosome; when they stop moving anaphase ends

Telophase

Start of chromosome unraveling and losing shape, forming nuclear envelope

Cytokinesis

cell division; can overlap with Telophase or Anaphase

Animal cell Cytokinesis

spindle apparatus pulls creating cleavage furrow then pinched off each cell

Plant cell Cytokinesis

specialized Golgi vesicle are moved to the middle of the cell and starts fusing together from middle of cell out: called Cell Plate

Apoptosis

controlled death of cells (ex: tail of frog tadpoles)

First Cloned Animal

African clawed frog cloned nucleus from intestinal cell of the frog

Prophase animal cell photo

Metaphase animal cell photo

Anaphase animal cell photo

Telophase animal cell photo

Prophase plant cell photo

Metaphase plant cell photo

Anaphase plant cell photo

Telophase plant cell photo

Plant cell forming Cell Plate