AP Chem IMF/Solids/ Gas/ Liquids/ Solutions

strength of LDF

Polarizability: large molecules with more electrons + more surface area

pi bonds and LDF

pi bonds increase polarizability b/c electrons are held less tighlt so can distort electron cloud

Rank the IMFs

LDF, Dipole-dipole, H-bond, Ion-Dipole

Why are ionic solids brittle

When struck, layers on ion slide so like charge align and repel, causing the crystal to shatter

Conductivity in Ionics VS Metallic Solids

Mettalic conduct as a solid b/c of sea of electrons, but ionic must be aqueous b/c ions must be mobile to carry a charge

AP Covalent Network Solid

Diamond/Graphite and Quartz/Silica

Interstitial alloy and metal properties

smaller atoms fills spaces between larger atoms, making the lattice more rigid decreasing malleability.

ideal gas conditions

High temp low pressure

How does a maxwell-boltzmann distribution change as temp inc

curve shifts to the right and becomes flatter

Why is solvent process sometimes endothermic

energy is released, breaking old reactions; however, if the energy released while making new attractions is less than the breaking required, becomes endothermic.

What does a Rf value indicate

Substacne ahs a strong attraction to the mobile phase

What property is distillation based off of

Boiling point

Polarizability

how easy the electron cloud can be distorted by an external force

Crystalline VS Amphous solid

Crystalline solids has a regular, repeating 3D structure, while Amorphous solids have a random arrangement.

Why cant yous eperate a solution using a filter

The particles in a solution are mixed at the atomic level so pass thru filter