PYSC 1001 Chapter 3 and 4

What is the defintion of sensation?

Gathering information so the brain can process / make sense of it all

What is the defintion of perception?

The brain selects and organized and intrepts the sensations the body feels

What are the three important issues of all senses?

Transduction, adaptation, anf Dectetcion

What is Transduction?

Converting physical energy into neural impulses, translating senses to brain

What is adaptation?

Senses are designed to respond to change, when stimulus is constant/ unchanging, the sensation fades

What are the different types of detection?

Absolute thresholds, signal detection theory, discrimination studies

What is detection of absolute threshold?

The lowest level of physical energy or stimulus intensity that a person can detect, many factors affect absolute threshold too.

What is the signal detection theory?

Explains how people make decisions under conditions of uncertainty

What are the 2 parts of signal dection theory and what do they mean?

1. sensory process - meausres how easily someone can distingush a real signal from background noise

2. decision process - the internal metal cutoff or bias a person uses to decide whether to say yes or no

What is the discrimnation studies?

Lowest level of stimulus required to sense that a change has occurred

What is an example of discrimination studies?

Most can detect a change in loudness between 2 tones when second tone is just 10% louder

What are the 5 parts of the eye?

Cornea, Iris, Pupil, Lens, Retina

What is the Cornea and describe its function

The clear outer layer that protects the eye, light enters this first

What is the Iris and describe its function

The colored muscle surrounding the pupil, decides how much light comes in the eye

What is the pupil and describe its function

The small, dark opening in the center of the yes, iris decrease/ increases to let different amounts of lights into eye

What is the lense and describe its function

a curved transpartent structure, that chnages shape to focus images clearing on the back of the eye

What are the 2 sensory receptors?

Cones and Rods

What is the function of the cones?

Allows us to see bright light, fine details, and color

What is the function of the rods?

allows us to see dim light, black, white, grey and is responsible for peripheral vision

What is the 2 color Vision Therories?

Trichromatic Theory and Opponet Process Theory

What is the Trichromatic Theory?

First level of processing in the retina,

3 differnt types of cones which are Green, Red, and Blue this is associated of the wavelengths of light,

These three cones are associated with all color

What is the opponet process theory?

Second Stage of Color Processing,

Color vision is controlled by three opposing receptor systems that process signals in an antagonistic manner,

Red vs Green, Blue vs Yellow, Black vs White (opposing colors cannot be seen at the same time)

What is the negative after image?

Cells that are inhibited by a particular color produce a burst of the oppoiste color.