Studied by 4 people
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi (1746-1827)
First person who strongly believed and advocated the use of hands-on learning or manipulative. Specifically as an educational tool
Maria Tecla Artemesia Montessori (1870-1952)
Her gifts are multisensory, sequential and self-correcting materials
“Montessori Method of Learning”
Stresses development of a child’s own initiative and natural abilities, especially through practical play.
Pestalozzi Method
Learning by Head, Heart, and Hand
Jean Piaget (1896-1980)
Says, children must first construct knowledge through “concrete operations” before moving on to “formal operations”
Main Function of Manipulative
Connect ideas and concept to physical objects
Promote better understanding
Types of Manipulative Media
Real Objects
Models
Field Trips
Real Object
Most accessible and involving material in educational use
Attribute Blocks
Attribute blocks can be used to teach sorting, patterns, and identifying attributes.
Two-Color Counters
It can be used to introduce students to basic ideas of probability.
Color Cubes
It helps the children through hands-on exploration of basic mathematics and geometric relationships as they stack, count, sort, and work with patterns.
Pattern Blocks
Pattern Blocks make it possible for the shapes to nest together and provides for a wide range of explorations.
Models
Three-dimensional representations of a real thing
Real Objects and Models
Encourage the students to handle and manipulate the objects and model
Field Trips
Students can encounter phenomena that can’t be brought into the classroom
Advantage of Concrete Manipulative
Allows information to be received visually and kinesthetically
Disadvantage of Concrete Manipulative
No feedback on whether you are right or wrong
Digital/Virtual Manipulative
Enable physical objects to move, sense, and interact with one another, as a result, make systems – related concepts more salient to (can be manipulated by) children
Concrete vs Virtual Manipulatives
Virtual manipulatives are more practical for teachers than concrete manipulatives due to issues on homeroom management
Advantage of Digital Manipulative
Involves problem solving skills
Disadvantage of Digital Manipulative
Made lead to misconception of some ideas (color, size, etc.)
Note
Flashcard